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Organizing the AudioVisual Service 185
institutes and demonstrations of the use of audio-visual aids and books and pamphlets in the audio-visual field have been made available for reference use. District, county, state, and national meetings of teachers usually include demonstrations of teaching aids and the larger group meetings include exhibits of the most recent developments. Summer training courses in the use of audio-visual aids are offered by many institutions. All these activities aid the teacher in service but there yet remains a need for more extensive group demonstrations and more intensive training of the individual teacher. This need further justifies the desirability of delegating the responsibility for the audio-visual program of the school or school system to one or more persons who will make certain that teachers receive the necessary assistance and training.
Using Audio-Visual Aids in the Classroom
The possible applications of audio-visual aids to classroom procedure are unlimited. This does not mean that every school or room should have an elaborate set of equipment, but that every teacher should be able to make appropriate use of any readily accessible audio-visual aids. The following discussion will mention a few of the more prominent aids. However, there are many variations of these, and additional materials which may be utilized with favorable results.
In the Primary Grades. The sand table, paper cutouts, models, pictures, charts, phonograph records, and some forms of projected pictures are especially suitable for use in the primary grades. Number combinations and elementary reading material can be presented in slide form with effective results. A great motivating force may be used in the elementary classroom in permitting the pupils to make pictorial materials to be projected or to be placed on display. The recent development of the noninflammable "Lumarith" as a substitute for glass in making slides provides a type of material which eliminates the danger of broken glass. The use of "Lumarith" makes it easy and entirely safe for small pupils to make their own slides and project them on the screen.
The phonograph record may be used to good advantage from the lowest grades through college and for adult education. There are many recorded songs for children, instrumental studies, rhythm records, singing games, folk dances, etc., which are especially effective in the primary grades. Some of the recently recorded fables and readings will help in the interpretation of stories for children. The recorded story of "Little Black Sambo," with appropriate sound effects, is un