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Organizing the Audio-Visual Service 197
ture. It is as essential to make provision in the budget for the purchase of projection equipment and for the rental of motion pictures, lantern slides, etc., as it is to make provision for any other equipment or materials. Failure to make such provision denies pupils of the respective educational systems the right to benefit from the latest and most effective aid to learning. While many school administrators and boards of administration have so far hesitated to make the necessary financial provision for its use, the very efficiency of the screen picture as compared with other devices will compel its general adoption for everyday classroom use, just as the textbook is now used.
Sound and Silent Motion Pictures. "In the effort to sell sound motion pictures to the educational public, so much emphasis has been placed upon the value of sound motion pictures that school administrators may well have been led to believe that the silent film will become obsolete. The sound motion picture may well supplement the silent picture where sound is an essential element in the learning situation. It is doubtful that the off-stage fixed mechanical lecture of the talkies will ever be generally accepted by educators for use in elementary and secondary schools. It is to be hoped, however, that producers of sound films will produce a wealth of films in such fields as music, language and speech, biography, and other fields in which sound will help to enrich learning.
The Importance of Photography to the Teacher. "Photography holds so many possibilities for the teacher that it seems a course in elementary photography ought to be included in every teacher-training program. The photographing of interesting and important events, objects, and places for the production of lantern slides for instructional purposes; the making of photographic records of trips and tours; and the making of photographic records of interesting phases of school life are but a few of the uses to which a camera in the hands of the teacher may be put."
The number and variety of available educational motion pictures is extensive. Schools may secure catalogs of films from the distribution centers listed on page 206. The majority of the state and regional film service bureaus publish lists for general distribution, including films of all types. Some films are furnished without charge, some at nominal fees, and others at rentals which amortize the cost of production. A balanced program of educational films might include some of each, but it is only fair to state that those films which are available upon payment of rental fees are usually worth their cost, as