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BEHAVIOR OF A SIMPLE CURREXT 435
effort to equalize that potential difference. The effect has often been compared to that of water being pumped through a pipe; a very helpful comparison by the way. The effect of steam under pressure perhaps gives an even closer mental picture, because negatrons are very definitely under pressure — the pressure of their own repulsion of each other. But since their motion, in their attempt to spread out as far from each other as possible, must take place against the resistance of the conducting medium, an increase in resistance evidently decreases the current flow, just as the increase in potential difference causes the current flow to become greater.
Ohm's Law
Potential difference is measured in volts, current in amperes and resistance in ohms. An ohm is a very definite thing. (6) It is the resistance offered by a certain standard resistor. (7) An ampere is likewise definite since it consists of a certain very large number of negatrons passing a given point in a wire in one second's time.*
(8) But for the sake of convenience in arithmetic one volt is that potential difference which will cause one ampere to flow through a resistance of one ohm.
Therefore, if the current is one ampere and the resistance of the circuit one ohm; what is the voltage? The answer has just been given : it is one volt. And if the resistance is one ohm and the current is ten amperes the potential difference that is causing the current to flow obviously must be ten volts. Then if the current is ten amperes and the resistance is six ohms, the potential difference must be sixty volts. Consequently: (9) volts = amperes X ohms.
This is usually written:
E (volts) =1 (amperes) X R (Resistance)
In which case the reader who remembers his arith
VMore accurately, according to the definition agreed upon before negatrons were known, an ampere is the current capable of performing, under accurately controlled conditions, a certain measured amounl of electro-plating in one second of time.