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May, 1953
CRAIG I EASTMAN COLOUR FILMS
153
Fig. 5. Spectrograms of (a) Eastman Panchromatic Separation Positive Film, Type 5216 and (b) Eastman Fine Grain Duplicating Negative Film, Type 5203, illustrating the extended red sensitivity of the former,
(d) Eastman Panchromatic Separation Film, Type 5216.
This material, specially designed for making black-and-white separation positives from colour negative originals, is broadly similar to the black-and-white Eastman Fine Grain Duplicating Negative Film, Type 5203. However, it is capable of a somewhat higher contrast, and the definition is superior to that obtained with 5203. The film has an extended red sensitivity to allow the use of a Wratten No. 70 filter for exposure of the red separation positive. An absorbing dye is incorporated in the emulsion to improve definition, and this is not completely discharged during processing. Consequently, separation positives prepared on this material have a characteristic greenish tint.
Comparative spectrograms for Type 5216
and Type 5203 film are shown in Fig. 5, and typical sensitometric curves for Type 5216 appear in Fig. 6.
Processing of Eastman Colour Films.
Apart from an extra stage to permit removal of the silver image, the processing of Eastman Colour Negative, Colour Print and Colour Internegative Films does not differ fundamentally from the techniques applied to black-and-white materials. But control of solution temperatures and bath compositions has to be much more precise, and the processing machine needs to be built to more rigorous specifications than would be warranted for handling black-and-white films. Discretion is necessary in choice of the materials for machine construction, and efficient squeegee systems are needed at several points, especially when processing Colour Print Film, just before the sound track re-development stage. Washing is essential several times during the process, and to minimize reticulation problems it is necessary for the water temperature to be maintained within two or three degrees of the other solutions. Fig. 7 shows in diagrammatic form the various processing stages.
All Eastman Colour Films have a soluble, opaque black backing applied for the purpose of reducing halation, and this must be removed before development. It is first softened in a special bath, and from this the film passes to a rinse tank where the backing
BLU: SEPARATION OH YELLOW PRINTER
ten through •Wratten' Filters No <<3A + No. :3 (Intensity Scale Sensitometer) Developed in Kodak Formula SD-2 1 at 70°F
GREEN SEPARATION OR MAGENTA FRINTER
RED SEPARATION OR
Exposed to Tung!
RELATIVE LOG E
RELATIVE LOG E
Fig. 6. Sensitometric characteristics of Eastman Panchromatic Separation Film, Type 5216, when exposed to blue, green and red light. Kodak Formula SD-21 is equivalent to seasoned D.76 developing solution.