Cine-film projection : a practical manual for users of all types of 16-mm. (1952)

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ROOF OF PROJECTOR BUMP LAMP HOLDER, CONDENSER. ^ I SHUTTER. | _ \ GUIDE ROLLERS FEED SPROCKET LAMP APERTURE PROJECTION LEN6 CLAW MECHANISM FIRST TAKE-UP SPROCKET BOTTOM LOOP Fig. 1 tern, usually consisting of a lamp, reflector, and a number of lenses (Fig. i). In a sound projector there are two such systems, for light is also needed for reproducing sound. These are usually referred to as the FILM OPTICAL SYSTEM and the SOUND OPTICAL SYSTEM. The condensing system is part of the optical system, and merely consists of one or more lenses so arranged that they collect the light from the source and direct the "condensed' ' light towards the projection lens. In the Diascope (magic lantern) we see this system in its simplest form. It consists of a reflector, a lamp, one or two condensers, a slide carrier and the projection lens (Fig. 2). In many projectors the condenser lens nearest the lamp may be loose in its setting, or mount, and this must not be tightened because the heat from the lamp causes the metal to expand and thus exert pressure. If the condenser was screwed in tight it would very soon crack after switching on the lamp. Other lenses should not be loose, but neither should they be screwed in so tight that they cannot be removed without force. 25