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Spools should never be overloaded, but should you receive a spool with the film overlapping at the edges you are advised to transfer it to a larger spool before projecting; otherwise you are likely to get into difficulties with the take-up, and will find it necessary to guide the film on to the take-up spool as it nears the end. Completely full spools are awkward to replace in the cans without damaging the film, and where necessary the last "part" of the film should be removed and placed upon a separate spool.
PERFORATIONS ENGAGED ON SPROCKS
â– FILM
CONCAVE -SURFACES DO NOT TOUCH FILM
SOUND
Fig. 15
A 16-mm. 8-PICTURE SPROCKET WHEEL (SOUND)
Another item of equal importance in film care is the replacement of worn sprockets before they begin to damage the perforations. On some silent projectors it is possible to reverse the sprocket-wheels so that both sides are given equal wear, but this should not be attempted on sound projectors other than 9.5 and 35-mm. models. And neither, of course, should it be tried on those modern 16-mm. silent machines which have single-row sprockets.
Besides tearing perforations, badly worn sprockets may also cause a degree of unsteadiness in both sound and picture reproduction. Intermittent sprockets, and constant-speed sprockets in or adjacent to the sound-head, must especially be always in perfect condition.
Films may also be protected by sticking down the end with a piece of adhesive plaster, as this will prevent them from loosening when in transit or not in use. A better idea, however, is the use of protective tapes which completely encircle the spool and
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