Cine-film projection : a practical manual for users of all types of 16-mm. (1952)

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of damage because of the difficulty of repairing it, often occurs unnoticed by the careless operator. If the film is punched (by the sprockets) across the picture area, then the film will probably become worthless, as there is nothing one can do when once the picture is badly marred. Interpunching between perforations, however, may be dealt with by using the same method adopted for servicing buckled and creased film. This consists of ironing the film! The iron is made just hot and the film covered by a sheet of thick brown paper before using it. On principle, the author cannot advocate this method, but as there does not seem to be a better way of removing creases and interpunching, well . . (But be careful not to make the iron too hot!) Is it possible to remove scratches from film? No, but their effect can be minimised as far as the picture is concerned. Nothing can be done about a badly scratched sound-track. A number of companies in the film renovating business will offer to remove the scratches for you. Actually, all dirt is removed from the scratches so that they are then less noticeable, after which the film is then waxed and the scratches thus filled with a transparent medium. Note that the poor effects which are caused by scratches are mostly due to the dirt held in them — those"tram-lines" which you see on the screen are made of dirt. There is no reason why amateurs and others should not take advantage of the services mentioned above — keeping the film rewaxed lessens the chance of scratches penetrating to the emulsoin and spoiling the picture. Most film libraries give their films some such treatment at regular intervals, which helps to keep them in circulation as long as possible. Greater care of films by the operators will mean that fewer costly replacements have to be made by the renters, which will, or should, result in a gradual reduction in hire charge. In other words, it will be to your material advantage to look after the films you hire or borrow. 74