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of the episcope requires (to-day) a complete darkening of the classroom. So now we must also expect the planners to introduce controlled lighting for the schools of the future, an obvious requirement, but one which must not be neglected as it is at present.
The reader will probably be able to devise many novel and practical uses of the visual aids in his possession, but those who are teachers should seriously devote a certain amount of time to their application — excluding, of course, novel ideas likely to produce roars of laughter from the children.
We have mentioned teacher-technique, but look in vain for a text-book explaining that technique. It is up to the teacher to evolve his own. But even if such a book were available the teacher would still apply the technique in his own particular manner, and, dependent on his capabilities and temperament, the original technique might easily be changed to something entirely new.
Such a text-book, indeed, could only generalise, and could only present certain broad principles for the teachers' guidance, the interpretation and application of the principles varying according to the individual.
The procedure for classroom presentation of films will also vary according to the nature of the film in use, and we can only generalise if we attempt to explain how they should all be shown. But here is a brief description of the usual rules generally adopted for the screening of films: —
(i) Assuming that the teacher is thoroughly conversant with the subject matter, he should first introduce it to the class, telling them what to expect, what they should look for, and what they should attempt to memorise.
(2) The film is screened as part of a lesson, and it should not be left to convey its message without the teacher ensuring that the message is being properly received. The reactions of the children should also be studied, and parts of the film requiring explanation carefully noted.
(3) Immediately after the film the class should be questioned or engaged in discussion — the teacher thus ensuring that the subject matter will be memorised by them.
(4) A second film should not usually be shown immediately after the one proceeding it, as this may easily cause confusion,
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