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CHANGE-OVER CUE: An audible or visible indication that the reel is within a certain number of feet from the end, or, that a filmstrip should be advanced.
CIRCUIT BREAKER: An automatic switch which opens a circuit under abnormal or dangerous conditions, such as occur in over-loading, etc.
COLLECTOR LENS: In an episcope, a wide angle projection lens used to catch as much of the reflected light as possible. In a cine projector, the condenser lens nearest the light source.
COOLING PLATE: A metal shield so arranged to catch the heat and light rays which do not penetrate the aperture, and to prevent the aperture plate and other parts of the gate from overheating.
CONDUCTOR: Any material used to carry electrical current and having a comparatively low resistance. A non-conductor is any material which prevents the flow of current or offers high resistance to it.
CONTINUOUS CURRENT: This is another name for Direct Current.
CONDUIT: The metal casing over one or more insulated wires or cables.
CONVERTER, ROTARY: A machine used for modifying the properties of an electric current, especially used for changing D.C. to A.C.
COULOMB: An electrical unit for volume, equal to one ampere flowing for one second. 3,600 coulombs equal one kilowatt-hour.
CUT-OFF: The frequency limits of an electrical transmitting or reproducing apparatus.
DAMPING: In the smoothing system, a device consisting (usually) of one or more weighted or sprung idler-rollers which press upon the film as it passes through the soundhead. Damping prevents flapping or "belt action" of the moving film.
DAMPING, ELECTRICAL: The speed at which a succession of oscillations are faded to nil.
D.C: Direct Current. A current made to flow in one direction in a circuit.
DECIBEL: A unit of transmission of sound, generally used to indicate gain or loss.
DIFFUSION: The "splaying" of light rays, resulting in a picture with poor definition. The opposite to focus.
DIMMER: An adjustable resistance or rheostat used to control current supplying one or more lamps. Stage lighting is usually so controlled.
DIODE: A thermionic valve having only two electrodes. One is the cathode or filament, and the other is the anode, or plate.
DISTORTION: A slight alteration in wave form which occurs between recorded sound and reproduced sound. An amplifier may be said to have an output of 10 watts with up to 5% distortion. The distortion from a 16-mm. amplifier should not exceed this figure.
DOWSER: A device used to cut the light from a projector lamp. The metal plate which moves into position between the aperture and the condenser lens, and is controlled by means of a manual switch. A manual switch is one which completes a movement or actuates a part without the aid of electricity.
DRAPING: Material with sound-absorbing properties, used to cover walls, etc., in order to control echo. Also used for decorative purposes.
DRAPES: A black material used to cover portions of the screen's surface not covered by the picture.
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