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CHAPTER THREE :REATIVE PROBLEMS OF THE CAMERA-MAN'S art
1. THE 'REPRODUCTION' PERIOD
"|N order to elucidate the chief tendencies of development of the cameraman's art in the period of the birth of cinema, we must briefly deal with the history of photography, for it is here that the first creative impulses of
cinema camera-man have their beginning.
From the very first days of photography there were two main tendencies in it development. On the one hand it was accorded universal recognition as a rrans of scientific investigation, of exact documentation of the object photog phed. At the same time, photography was given its rightful, and honourable pjce among the other previously existing representational arts as a new method s: artistic representation.
The varied possibilities of photography were realised from the very earliest j s of its existence. Gay Lussac, who on July joth i8jg expressed his opinion I Daguerre's invention, thus defined photography's future role.
Daguerre's method will undoubtedly have extensive application ; artists will use it fc the manifestation of forms, designers as a perfect pattern for perspective and for studying tr distribution of light and shade, natural scientists for study of the various kinds of animals u plants and their construction.
In its further development photography brilliantly confirmed Lussac 's e: lectations. There is hardly a sphere of natural science in which it does not p y a considerable part as a means of scientific investigation. Wherever photog phy has fulfilled the exact and definite tasks of scientific investigation and d :umentalisation, it has invariably earned high commendation as a perfect tr thod of representation.
The position is a little different in regard to the development of photography a: i specific form of representational art. The pioneer of photography, Daguerre, Wi a painter by profession. Working in the studio of the decorator Degotti, as es'ly as 1822, he tried to find a more perfect method of representation than that 0 Portrait painting. When he discovered a technique of photography he at once a >lied it as a means of artistic reproduction of a portrait, and his first work in Is direction obtained general recognition as genuine examples of art. After E guerre, the English artist, David Octavius Hill, in 1843-5 created a number 0 photographic portraits which aroused universal admiration by their artistic and nlistic qualities.
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