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A PARALLEL OF 16 AND 35 MM. FILMS 331
ences and minimize their effect to such an extent that they would become unnoticeable during projection.
It is quite obvious, that film shrinkage can only be accommodated within certain maximum tolerances of error and this imposes upon the user the necessity of taking some precautionary measures in order to keep the films in a condition as nearly perfect as possible.
Since 16 millimeter films are mostly in use in the home, the classroom, and auditorium not equipped with special protection against fire hazards, the base of 16 millimeter film is cellulose acetate which is strictly uninflammable material. The shrinkage action of acetate film is greater than that of the cellulose nitrate base of 35 millimeter film, which though a very slow burning material, is not as uninflammable as the acetate base 16 millimeter film.
The building of cinemachinery with exact care, offers the greatest safeguard and assurance of film preservation.
It would be a fallacy to consider that 16 millimeter equipment can be treated with less respect than the more expensive equipment used by professionals.
Fig. 1. Schematic drawing illustrating the angle of view of a 35 millimeter lens (L) foe 16 millimeter film (A) and 35 millimeter film (B). Angle (A) is equal. The width of 3 5 millimeter image is that of picture synchronized with sound.
Proper maintenance is essential for good functioning. This should not be a burden to anyone inasmuch as equipment is so designed as to require very little time and effort for cleaning and lubricating it.
It would be indeed a proof of very poor judgment to underestimate the importance of accurately made and properly kept equipment.
Films, be they of the 35 millimeter or the 16 millimeter type, have a high intrinsic value. A value of actual outlay of money as well as a value which we would call of affection and every film that is worthwhile to be taken and to be kept, deserves sufficient consideration with regard to its preservation.
The Photographic Process
The principles underlying the photographic process for both 35 and 16 millimeter films are essentially the same.
The image formed by a photographic lens is collected on a lightsensitive film and rendered visible through chemical processes.