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A PARALLEL OF 16 AND 35 MM. FILMS 335
sidered as of being of universal focus for all practical intents and purposes.
A one-inch lens, worked at F 3.5 for example, will give a sharp image of all objects located 1 1 feet from the lens to infinity.
The latest improvements in the manufacture and processing of Panchromatic and Supersensitive films have opened new fields to both the professional and the amateur cinematographers.
The professional can better display his technical knowledge and artistic temperament, the amateur is given means to instill greater refinements in his work and to derive a great deal of enjoyment in scanning some of the rather abstruse intricacies of the photographic processes.
More and more the 16 millimeter cinematoerapher is confronting problems, the solution of which can only be found through the use of apparatus designed and built with professional accuracy and through a fair knowledge of cinematographic technique, which, though based upon the main principles of photography, varies in its details with each field of endeavor.
These fields are right at this writing of tremendous importance and should interest both professionals and amateurs. Thev are fashioning the link which will in a short time indeed, establish a definite relation between professional and amateur cinematographers, as semiprofessional and scientific still photographv have tremendously contributed to the advance of both the professional and amateur photographer.
Laboratory Processing
It is well known that all 35 millimeter films are developed by the processing laboratories as negatives from which as many prints as desired are made while it is common practice to use the reversal process for the 16 millimeter film which insures only one original direct copy from which duplicates can be made if desired.
The first reason that comes to one's mind as an explanation of this procedure is that the amateur seldom requires more than one copy of the pictures taken and since only one roll of film is involved in this process, it results more economical than the negative-positive as used for 35 millimeter films.
This and the fact that film manufacturers have established service stations in great number and well equipped processing laboratories, which insure the best obtainable results and relieves the amateur from the care of doing his own processing, gives him the assurance that his films which are much more valuable than film rolls or film packs or cut films and plates as used bv the still photographers are properly treated with regard to both the actual processing and the physical handling of them.
The semi-professional 1 6 millimeter user is very often interested in securing several copies of his picture and finds the duplicating process more or less convenient, first because of a small but still existent loss of quality, second because he must decide immediately upon the making of such duplicates before the film is run in the projector more than once or twice.