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340 riXK.UATOGRAPHIC ANNUAL
screen). These perforations considerably reduce the reflective power of the screen and in consequence the brilliance of the screen image. To compensate this loss the projection machines are equipped with arc lamps operating at a high amperage.
The 16 millimeter screen is designed to save as great a reflecting power as possible. The pearl beaded screens and especially some of the silver or aluminum-surfaced ones, respond very well to the exigencies of 16 millimeter projection.
Extra bright screens with surfaces only slightly roughed and a high reflecting power are indeed essential, especially for projecting Kodacolor pictures where, as said above, the size of the projected image is limited mostly by the brilliance attainable.
Next to brilliance of screen image, and perhaps of greater importance, is its steadiness and absence of nicker.
Steadiness of the image is secured for both 35 and 16 millimeter projection through good design and accurate manufacture of both cameras and projectors.
AUXILIARY
CONDENSER
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Fig. 6. Filmo projector optical system for Kodacolor picture projection.
Again the motion picture mechanical engineer meets the shrinkage problems mentioned in the first section of this article and again perfect registration of each film image must be secured.
Since Acetate 16 millimeter films shrink more rapidly and to a greater extent than nitrate films, it is most advisable to take some precautions in order to insure their flexibility and maintain their dimension within the tolerable limits. Manufacturers of motion picture equipment have devised special cans and containers with humidor compartments which answer admirably film storage requirements.
But aside from mechanical considerations a great deal of attention had to be paid to the physiological effect that makes motion pictures possible.