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EFFECT OF WATER SUPPLY IN PROCESSING 155
about 25 grains of lead acetate per gallon of developer (0.4 gram per liter) should be added before mixing. This removes the sulfides as lead sulfide and any excess lead is precipitated in the developer and settles out on standing.
No trouble may be anticipated with fixing baths prepared with average samples of impure water providing the bath is clarified by settling before use.
When washing photographic materials little trouble may be anticipated with uncolored water if the following precautions are taken: (a) remove all suspended matter by filtering, either by means of commercial niters or by placing two or three layers of cloth over the water outlet; (b) remove thoroughly all excess moisture from the film before drying.
Water which even after filtering is colored brown is very apt to cause staining of the highlights. It is a difficult matter to remove economically the coloring matter from such waters and each case usually requires specific treatment.
References
v'The Nature of a Developer Sludge" by J. I. Crabtree, AMER. PHOT. 12, 126 (1918); B. J. PHOT. 65, 87 (1918).
2" Stains on Negatives and Prints" by J. I. Crabtree, AMER. ANN. PHOT. 35, 204 (1921); B. J. PHOT. 68, 294 (1921).
^"Handling and Mixing Photographic Chemicals and Solutions" by J. I. Crabtree and G. E. Matthews, PHOTO-MlNIATURE, Nos. 200-201, Tennant & Ward, New York, 1927.
^''Chemical Fog" by J. I. Crabtree, AMER. ANN. PHOT. 33, 20 (1919); B. J. PHOT. 66, 97 (1919).
^"Sulfide Fog by Bacteria in Motion Picture Developers" by M. L. Dundon and J. 1. Crabtree, AMER. PHOT. 19,96 (1925).
Q"Rack Marks and Airbell Markings on Motion Picture Film" by J. I. Crabtree and C. E. Ives, TRANS. SOC. M. P. ENG. No. 24, 95 (1925); B. J. PHOT. 72, 775 (1925); 73, 4 (1926).
7"The Handling of Motion Picture Film at High Temperatures" by J. I. Crabtree, TRANS. SOC. M. P. ENG. No. 19, 39 (1924); B. J. PHOT. 71,726 (1924).
8" Moisture Markings on Motion Picture Film" by J. I. Crabtree and G. E. Matthews, TRANS. SOC. M. P. ENG. No. 17, 29 (1923); B. J. PHOT. 71,6, 15 (1924).
9"A Pneumatic Film Squeegee" by J. I. Crabtree and C. E. Ives, TRANS. SOC. M. P. ENG. XI, No. 30 (1927).
10"Washing Motion Picture Film" by K. C. D. Hickman, TRANS. SOC. M. P. ENG. No. 23, 62 (1925).