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446 CINEMATOGRAPHIC ANNUAL
problem encountered in the use of disc records. Special equipment has been provided for cutters, and the use of this equipment has enabled the cutters to work in a very satisfactory manner. Composite records are made of each reel at various stages of the cutting, which makes the picture and records suitable for any projection room.
In these so-called pre-dupe records opportunity is afforded to approximate the final product in such matters as adding sound effects, and modifying the loudness, thereby giving a better basis for criticism than if the original records were used without any such desired changes.
After the cutting of a picture has been completed, the records corresponding to each reel are re-recorded from the individual "dailies" of original dialogue, songs or other material. This process involves extremely accurate timing of each individual record so that it corresponds with the action of the picture film. It involves the correction of any unwanted variations in loudness of different records, and also occasional intended variation of loudness to correspond with the picture. Sound effects of appropriate nature are added, together with music, for certain scenes. At times the sound on the final record will be a composite of three or more individual records, all properly timed and balanced for relative loudness. The timing is all controlled automatically from predetermined cues.
In production work, speed is all-important. At times, delays of even a few seconds seem important, hence it is necessary that recording operations involve nothing that will hold up shooting. Experience shows that recording on disc machines meets this requirement in an entirely satisfactory manner.
It is true that disc recording calls for the use of things which have not heretofore invaded motion picture studios, but a wax shaving machine or a record press should not be nearly so offensive as a microphone. The former devices are behind the scenes, working so effectively that their presence is never suspected, while the microphone is still regarded with a certain degree of suspicion.
As illustrating the efficiency with which the wax negative is developed and printed, records are made available on an overnight basis in any quantity which the various studio needs require. In emergencies the records can be processed in three hours after being recorded. Additional records can be obtained