Cinematographic annual : 1930 (1930)

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582 CINEMATOGRAPHIC ANNUAL Safranine gives pink half-tones. Auramine gives yellow half-tones. Chrysoidine gives Orange half-tones. Time of Washing After Dyeing: Until highlights are clear: from five to ten minutes. Life of Bath: Same as that of the Iron toning formula. Very pleasing effects may be had by combining tones and tints. The tints may be either chemical, or the result of the use of tintedbase film stock. Tints and Tones for Amateur Use All of the toning and tinting formula given above are suitable to amateur use on either reversal or normal positive films, of 16mm. or 9.5mm. standards. All that is necessary is to reduce the proportions of the solutions given to such as will make up the smaller quantities practical for individual use, and proceed according to the instructions given for professional use. However, a few special formulae and suggestions for amateur use are given here also. For amateur use one method of getting tinted effects easily, and without altering the film, is by the use of special colored discs on the lens of the projector. Similarly, toned effects can be produced by the use of colored flood-lights played on the screen. There are a number of photographic stains available commercially, which are suitable for tinting; and certain colored inks can also be used for the purpose, in suitable dilutions. Any of the sepia toning compounds prepared for still photographic use, and sold ready-mixed, can also be used for cine toning. Similarly, the various other photographic tones — blue, red, green, etc., — put up by Burroughs Wellcome 8 Co., Ltd., will also serve for this purpose. The following solution is also excellent for blue toning: Ferric Ammonium C trate 100 grains Potassium Ferricyanide 100 grains Acetic Acid (glacial) _ 2 ounces Water to 3 5 ounces When the desired tone is reached, wash until the highlights are clear. This solution serves to intensify the image, so, if possible, when making scenes on reversal film for this treatment, overexpose them a trifle. For tones ranging from warm black through purple and brown to brick red, the following is a useful formula: (A) Copper Sulphate 3 0 grains Potassium Citrate (neutral) 120 grains Water 10 ounces (B) Potassium Ferricyanide 120 grains Potassium Citrate (neutral) 10 ounces Water 2 5 grains Mix A and B in equal parts immediately before using. The separate water. Films intended for this treatment should have a strong image, as there is a definite reducing action. Toning takes place very slowly.