Close Up (Jul-Dec 1929)

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CLOSE UP been too submissive to the director, although frequently I have felt Werner Krauss setting the pace for his regisseiir. It is very likely that the German actor will elucidate for the director his legitimate art, by clarifying for him the nature of cinema performance. The German director has been, like the German schoolmaster of the past, the sort of disciplinarian who believes in getting the most out of his pupil. He demanded Mehr, mehr ! So that very often the actor became apoplectic. Jannings and Veidt are typical instances. Fortunately, in The Last Laugh the co-ordination and convergence of the environment upon Jannings served as a rein and Jannings was brought back into the film and a powerful unity was preserved. In this consideration, I mentioned at several points the bluntness of German presentations as revealed in their moralizations, in their fantasies, etc. I assemble these evidences of bluntness under the general head of simplism. It is a term I have used many times in these pages, and which, I believe, my readers will understand by connotation. If we take the fantasy of Caligari and compare it with that of Die Hose we will note the difference in the categories. CaligarVs narration contains no intricacy, no larger reference . . . it is Peer Gynt without the philosophy and the poetry of the Ibsen drama. Am I stretching my comparison ? Certainly, deliberately. I wish to indicate where the Germans have gone for their experience of the fantastic. To Torgiis. These fantastic narratives — these fantastic films, ended with themselves. Epstein's The Fall of the House of Usher rises to a sense of universe-torment. Stiller's The Treasure of Arne was the poignancy of the primitive. Yet 396