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COMMUNISM IN MOTION-PICTURE INDUSTRY 1641 Mr. Richards. I hadn't understood, Mr. Chairman, I'm sorry. This means, then, that my face will not appear on television but my voice will; is that correct? Mr. Wood. Your voice will appear whether the television is in here or not. Mr. Kichards. That is true. I understand. Mr. Wood. There is no difference in the character of the testimony that you will give here now than it would be if these television cameras were not in the room. Mr. Kichards. I understand perfectly, sir. Mr. Wood. Is that satisfactory ? Mr. Richards. Yes, indeed. By all means. Mr. Wood. You may proceed, Mr. Counsel. Mr. Tavenner. Will you please state your full name, Mr. Rich- ards. Mr. Richards. Robert Loring Richards. Mr. Tavenner. When and where were you born. Mr. Richards ? Mr. Richards. I was born in New York City, March 1, 1909. Mr. Tavenner. What is your profession or occupation ? Mr. Richards. I am a writer. Mr. Tavenner. How long have you been a writer ? Mr. Richards. I have been a writer since about 1936. Mr. Tavenner. Will you state to the committee briefly what your educational training has been for the practice of your profession ? Mr. Richards. Yes. I attended the Horace Mann School in New York City—high school—and graduated from Harvard College in 1932. Mr. Tavenner. Will you state briefly what your record of em- ployment has been ? Mr. Richards. I worked for Time, Inc., for about 7 years. I was a writer for and subsequently producer of the March of Time radio pro- gram. I was an associate producer of the March of Time on the screen. That is, the documentary—the newsreel. I left Time mag- azine and worked in an advertising agency for about a year, in radio. I came out to Hollywood about the end of 1942, did some radio, joined the merchant marine, subsequently went into motion pictures. I have been employed for about—I am a little vague on dates—about 4 years quite steadily, writing screen plays in the motion-picture in- dustry. Mr. Tavenner. When did you state that you came to Hollywood? Mr. Richards. I think it was the end of 1942. I am not sure. Mr. Tavenner. Well, in 1942 the Communist Party line, as it was recognized in this country, was the establishment of a second front. Of course, anyone had the right to sponsor the establishment of a second front. We are interested now in learning the extent to which the Communist Party line, which had consisted of that principle, was advocated by organizations influenced by the Communist Party. If you have any information on that subject the committee would like to have it. Mr. Richards. I must—I shall—I will decline to answer that ques- tion on the grounds of possible incrimination and claim my privileges under the fifth amendment of the Constitution of the United States to so den} 7 —to so decline to answer that.