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MOTION PICTURE PHOTOGRAPHY
diaphragm opening must be increased to the next or even to the second or third opening beyond that indicated by the chart.
The numbers given in the chart indicate the diaphragm opening necessary under the F system, which is the system used in marking the diaphragm opening on nearly all cinematograph lenses. They are F 3.5, F 4, F5.6, F 8, F 11, F 16, F22, F 32 — each succeeding number in this series giving one-half the exposure of the one preceding. Other intermediate numbers are sometimes given, but not often, and may be disregarded practically when using this chart. In the following clas.sifica'tion of subjects, the diaphragm opening should be modified from the one given in the chart according to the direction given after each class.
For example, we wish to make a picture in June, at four o'clock in the afternoon, of some red brick building on a hazy day. Under June we look in the hazy sun column and opposite the time we find the exposure to be F 16. For this classification the increase is two points, or F 8.
Subjects — For other subjects modify the exposure for an average landscape as given for the class of subject.
Class A — Studies of sky and white clouds. Decrease opening three points.
Class B — Open views of sea and sky ; very distant landscapes ; studies of rather heavy clouds ; sunset and sunrise studies. Decrease opening two points.
Class C — ^Open landscapes without foreground; open beach, harbor and shipping scenes ; yachts under sail ; very light colored objects; studies of dark clouds; snow scenes with no dark objects ; most tele-photo-subjects outdoors ; wooded hills not far distant from lens. Decrease opening one point.
Class D — Landscapes with medium foreground ; landscapes in fog or mist ; buildings showing both sunny and shady sides ; well lighted street scenes; persons, animals and moving objects at least thirty feet away from the camera. Increase opening one point.
Class E — Landscapes with heavy foreground; buildings or trees occupying most of the picture; brook scenes with heavy foliage ; shipping about the docks ; red brick buildings and other dark objects; group outdoors in the shade. Increase opening two points.
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