Copyright term, film labeling, and film preservation legislation : hearings before the Subcommittee on Courts and Intellectual Property of the Committee on the Judiciary, House of Representatives, One Hundred Fourth Congress, first session, on H.R. 989, H.R. 1248, and H.R. 1734 ... June 1 and July 13, 1995 (1996)

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371 proposed E.G. Directives on data bases and commercial designs are also likely to embrace the principle of corporate creation,^ although in most cases, this would occur under sui generis regimes operating outside the relevant copyright laws as such.*' Above all, the E.G. Directive on harmonizing the term of protection of copyright and certain related rights expressly confers a seventy year term upon collective works and works whose rightholders under the domestic laws are deemed to be "legal persons." Concomitantly, this Directive prolongs the related rights conferred on performers, producers of sound recordings, films, and broadcasting organizations to a period of fifty years.** criticism of this approach, see, e.g.. Jan Gorbet, Does Technological Development Imolv a Change in the Notion of Author? . 148 R.I.D.A. 58 (1991); Herman Cohen Jehoreun, The B.C. Copyright Directives. Economics, and Authors^ Rights. 25 I.I.G. 821, 829-30 (1994). *> See Amended Proposal of 4 October 1993 for a Council Directive on the Legal Protection of Databases, COM (93) 464 final syn 393 (1993), O.J.L. 308/1, art. 3(4), reprinted in Shsbt & Mazwsll's e.g. Inteixbctuai. Property Materials, supra note 6, at 39, 41 [hereinafter Proposed E.G. Directive on Databases]; Proposal of 3 December 1993 for a European Parlieuaent and Council Directive on the Approximation of the Legislation of Member States on the Legal Protection of Industrial Designs, COM (93) 344 final COD 464 (1993), O.J.L. 345/14, art. 14(2), reprinted in Sweet & Maxwell's E.G. Intellectxiai. Property Materials, supra note 6, at 292, 300 [hereinafter Proposed E.G. Directive on Design]; see also Cohen Jehoram, supra note 39, at 829-31. *' See, e.g.. Proposed E.G. Directive on Databases, supra note 40, art. 13(2); Pamela Samuelson, The Missing Foundations of the Proposed European Database Directive (forthcoming 1996) [hereinafter Samuelson, Database Directive] . ** See E.G. Directive, supra note 6, arts. 1(3) (4), 3; von Lewinski, supra note 35, at 790-94, 798-801.