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■ 2 MODEEN MAGIO LANTEENS. effected, the names of the various parts and their functions had best be pointed out. In Fig. 1, A represents the lantern body, generally pro- vided with a chimney, b. Inside this is placed a light, c, in front of the Ught is a lens, known as a condenser, d, and in front of the condenser again, and some little distance from it, is another lens, called the objective, b. As close as possible to the condenser and between it and the objective is the slide, which is held between springs, in grooves, or in some similar manner at p. The screen upon which the pictures are thrown is shown at g. Here, then, are the essentials of a magic lantern :— A light. A condenser, 1 These are sometimes spoken of as " the An objective, J optical system " of a lantern. A carrier or slide-holder. A lantern body, which encloses the light, and which retains the various other parts in their relative positions. The means of illumination is a point of primary import- ance, and it is due to the rapid strides in this particular which have been made during recent years especially, that the lantern has increased so largely in popularity. The various lights now in general use are oil lamps, the limelight, and the electric light, the illuminating power of which is in the same ratio as the above order, oil (and incandescent electric lamps under some circumstances) having the least, the electric arc lamp the most, and the modifications of the limelight occupying an intermediate place in this respect. In buying a lantern the choice of the light is one of the first considerations. If it is intended for use for photo- graphic enlarging and for the exhibition of slides, etc., on only a small scale, there are several forms of the oil lamp burning petroleum which can be employed with advantage in the direction of economy, both of trouble and money; especially if the user is Ukely to want the lantern where house gas is not available and where there are difficulties in the way of getting compressed gas. Where a considerable size of picture is required, say anything over seven or eight