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ANIMATED LANTEBN PIOTUEES. 105 pointed out, is very similar to that employed for projecting thetn. The spool of film is run through the camera, stopped, aji exposure made, and it is then passed on until the whole length, or such part of it as may be required, is exposed. Development is effected by winding the film on a drum or spool, so that the sensitive surface is entirely exposed, and immersing this in a trough of developer, of water, or of the fixing solution. Printing may be carried out either hj means of a special apparatus, or, as is the case with the Lumiere Cinematograph, by the actual projecting and exposiug arrangement. In the latter the negative is again wound through the machine, but this time a length of film coated with a lantern slide emulsion is in contact with it. The lens of the instrument is removed, and at a suitable distance in front of the negative film a light is placed. The two fihns, the negative and the undeveloped trans- parency, are run into separate receptacles. The latter is developed, fixed, and washed in the ordinary way, and is then ready for projection. Little need be said as to the precautions to be observed, and the routine to be followed ia working the animated pictures in the lantern, since most of the information already given as regards lanterns generally applies equally to these. In selecting an iastrument attention should be given not only to the smoothness and freedom from vibra- tion and movement on the screen with which it works, but also to the treatment the film itself undergoes in passing â– through the instrument. Fihns cost money, as we have said before, and in some of the machines we have seen, the films have got sadly scratched and knocked about with only a few exhibitions. In examining an apparatus with a view to seeing whether it works without vibra.ti^n, a film should be employed which is known to be free from this defect it- self. If the camera has trembled during exposure the film wiU register this movement, and there is a likelihood that when the picture is seen on the screen the spectator might imagine the vibration, really due to camera movement in the first place, to be due to imperfections in the projecting apparatus which it does not possess. The most unpleasant feature about a display of animated