French Impressionist Cinema: Film Culture, Film Theory, and Film Style (December 1974)

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Kirsanov, Ivan Mosjoukine). Occasionally, a film-maker not basically involved with the movement made a film in the Impressionist style (e.g., Jacques Feyder, Jean Renoir). Some of these members were close friends or professional associates; others are included in the move ment simply because of their theoretical position or film style. As mentioned earlier, this study will stress common features of individual behavior that contributed to the creation of a unified movement. As a group, the individuals in the Impressionist movement are distinguishable from what I shall call the established commercial film-makers on the one hand and the "abstract-film" or "pure-film" avant-gardists on the other. The commercial film-makers participated in few cultural activities and benefited from no coherent theories; they simply worked for large firms, although what has survived of their work reveals an extraordinarily high level of film talent. Prominent in this group are Louis Feuillade, Victorine Jasset, Léonce Perret, Max Linder, and André Antoine.. In sharp contrast is the abstract-film movement, which, although less active on the cultural front, did generate some theoretical activi ty. The films of this movement are characterized by lack of narrative and an interest in pure visual form and