French Impressionist Cinema: Film Culture, Film Theory, and Film Style (December 1974)

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174 1. (ms) Young man, looking. 2. (ma) Woman from the side. Dissolve to: 3. (cu) Her. face, 3/4 view. Dissolve’ to: 4. (cu) Her bosom and arm. Dissolve to: 5. (ms) Her back. Dissolve to: 6. (cu) Her face, 3/4 view. With exceptions such as these noted, however, the transitional functions of such optical effects remain standard throughout both Impressionist and non-Impressionist films. Similarly, the use of optical effects to indicate magical occurrences and to emphasize dramatic points is Striking but not idiosyncratic. The march of the dead soldiers in J'Accuse is shown to be supernatural by being filmed as a superimposition. The magical power of the storm in La Chute de la Maison Usher is indicated by slowmotion shots of books tumbling out of cupboards. As one would expect, fairy tales and fantasy films make extensive use of these devices: in Voyage Imaginaire, the clerks transforming the witches into beautiful women by a kiss is shown by changes of focus; the fantasy Charleston contains scenes of animation, pixillation, and negative shots revealing the film's fantastic bent; and la Petite Marchande d'Allumettes includes animated cutouts, superimpositions, pixillated marching soldiers, and stop-motion filming of roses springing to life on a tree.