French Impressionist Cinema: Film Culture, Film Theory, and Film Style (December 1974)

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though not the very first instance of Impressionist pictior:-: ialism,¢ is a clear example of how that style differed from the mise-en-scéne Style of directors like Feuillade in the pre-1918 period. The emerging pictorialist style, which was to continue throughout the 1920's, includes Gance's La Dixiéme Symphonie (1918) and J'Accuse (1919), L'Herbier's RoseFrance (1919), Carnival des Vérités (1920), L'Homme du Large (1920), El Dorado (1921), and Don Juan et Faust (1922), Delluc's La Féte Espagnole (1920), Fiévre (1921), and La Femme de Nulle Part (1922), and Dulac's La Souriante Mme. Beudet (1922). All use the subjective style of pictorialism to go beyond external action and evoke the psychic flow of the characters. As Dulac writes in describing the films of the period: L'on ajouta 4 ses gestes, la vision de ses pensées, de ses sentiments, de ses sensations. Joindre aux faits précis d'un drame, la déscription des impresSions intérieures multiples et contraires; au cours d'une action, les faits n'existaient plus en euxy-mémes, mais devenaient la conséquence d'un 6tat moral. Given such a change in film style, we may discover its historical sources in several external preconditions and two specific and immediate causes. Most generally; the French film industry at the period had some tolerance of new styles in film-making. The American conquest of the market after 1916 had convinced