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Teaching Efficiency of the Film 179 vhile the average teacher was again •elected from the teacher training :lass and was the young woman who lad ranked second in the class from he standpoint of grades made and vho had also had several years' ex- )erience previous to this year in the miversity. The comparison of the film and superior" teacher on the basis of ourteen pupils per class gives the re- ults tabulated below, while the com- parison of the results obtained in all hree groups, on the basis of eleven >upils to the class, is also tabulated >elow. The correlation of the results with scholarship and various tests is ilso given. Since the above results were se- ared, the experiment has been re- peated twice in Oklahoma under vary- ng conditions with practically the same results. What interpretation can one give results of this sort? In the first place, it seems safe enough to conclude that a well constructed film may have as high a teaching efficiency as a very superior teacher or even more. There is considerable evidence that certain types of material can be much better and more rapidly taught by the film than by even a very superior teacher. The teaching efficiency of a film then would very probably depend on two factors: first the character of the ma- terial to be taught and whether or not it yielded to visual presentation; and second, the skill with which the film was planned and produced. Mediocre films have no more chance to succeed than mediocre teachers and there is a probability of their having somewhat the same relative place, and value. From the standpoint of administra- tion the results tabulated above have peculiar significance. If the film equals the teacher in efficiency, does that mean the elimination of the teacher? No sane person believes or hopes this to be true. The personal element cannot be and should not be eliminated, at least under present con- ditions. But the facts are that we have very few superior teachers in the school room and the facts seem to be that by the proper use of film and per- haps other visual aids, we could secure the results of a superior teacher by letting these aids do some of the work of the mediocre teacher. On this basis alone there is an op- portunity for considerable reorganiza- tion of school curricula and methods of presentation. In the larger insti- tutions such as city schools, colleges and universities where numbers are a problem, the film offers food for con- siderable serious thought to those in charge. Could three thousand high school students be placed in a spacious auditorium and given at o-ie sitting what it would take seventy-five su- perior teachers to do in that same length of time? The most potential factor in con- nection with the motion picture is that it promises to weed out mediocrity by the fact that it gives the genius an op- portunity to be duplicated in the print