We use Optical Character Recognition (OCR) during our scanning and processing workflow to make the content of each page searchable. You can view the automatically generated text below as well as copy and paste individual pieces of text to quote in your own work.
Text recognition is never 100% accurate. Many parts of the scanned page may not be reflected in the OCR text output, including: images, page layout, certain fonts or handwriting.
76 THE EDUCATIONAL TALKING PICTURE in general science. The groups were approximately equal in sex distribution of students. During the experimental instructional period, the film and control groups studied during equal amounts of class time with equal amounts of assigned home work. The two groups were (within very narrow limits) equal with re- spect to size of class in which the students studied, the rated excellence of their teachers, and the load under which their teachers labored. Extensive tests lasting over two class periods were given at the end of the instructional period to all three groups. All questions appearing in the tests could be answered with information presented in the textbook, so any film superiority could not be due to the film children's seeing information not presented to the non-film students. Since the zero children did not study the instructional material, the aver- age score they made indicates the zero point on these end-tests: the result of zero instruction. By subtracting this point from the film children's average score, the gain resulting from film instruction can be obtained. Similar sub- traction from the control average end score gives the gain resulting from unsupplemented instruction. Then a comparison of these two gains indicates whether the film technique is more effective than the non-film. We found that the film gain was 20.5 per cent greater than the control gain. The prob- able error of this superiority is only 2.6 per cent. We can therefore say that the chances are only about 3 in i ,000 that the combined results of indefinite repetition of the experiment would yield a film superiority as small as 10 per cent, and the likelihood that extended repeti- tion of the experiment should show finally that the film and non-film gains are really equal is practically nil. As a matter of fact, we must conclude that in terms of informational test items mastered, the film technique is pretty close to 20 per cent more effec- tive as an instructional procedure than is the traditional presentation of such general-science material. THE ARNSPIGER SOUND-PICTURE EXPERIMENT IN NATURAL SCIENCE AND MUSIC Purpose of this experiment. —A comprehensive experiment in the sound-picture field was undertaken by Arnspiger. 16 The pur- pose of this study was to determine the effectiveness of certain educational talking pictures in natural science and music when used as an integral part of the regular classroom instruction. lff V. C. Arnspiger, Measuring the Effectiveness of Talking Pictures as Teaching Aids. New York City: Bureau of Publications, Teachers College, Columbia Uni- versity, 1933.