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UTILIZING THE TALKING PICTURE 107 teachers who are to carry out the program are untrained. The leadership of the director will be evidenced by the degree to which he provides systematic instruction and supervision in the use of his department's materials. This training may take the form of special classes, organized in short units for various teacher groups; it certainly should be an objective of all supervisory activities. If the director has estab- lished the proper relationship between his department and the in- structional staff, the teachers will use talking pictures with con- fidence and skill. The teacher is, without doubt, the most impor- tant agency in making the talking picture function successfully. PLANNING TALKING-PICTURE UNITS Another essential principle of utilization has to do with plan- ning. Each teacher should be encouraged to plan his program of talking-picture units in terms of the whole school year, or as large a part thereof as possible. The program should not be planned so far in advance that it becomes too rigid to be modified as special interests develop in the class. Planning on a long-term basis makes it necessary for the teacher to review his course for units to which the talking picture can contribute; it eliminates that hap- hazard showing of pictures which wastes potential educational values. When the teacher surveys his work for the coming year, or any major portion of the year, he secures a perspective which makes for better units of instruction as well as for better teaching procedures. His picture requisitions enable the audio-visual de- partment to draw up the film calendar for the year, or a consider- able part thereof, a device which insures the timely use of ma- terials and the greatest utilization of available film prints. Pos- sibly the teacher has been called upon to serve on a special com- mittee which co-ordinates individual plans with the general pro- gram for the system, or which has written talking pictures into a particular course of study. To outline a series of talking-picture units, worth while in that they group essential subject matter under important outcomes, it