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CHAPTER V A MOTION-PICTURE STUDIO A MOTION-PICTURE studio, to be deserving of the name, is a large and lofty structure of glazed glass. The size may be anything up to, or even beyond 100 sq. ft. of floor space, and the height is seldom less than 25 to 30 ft. The sides, up to about 4 ft. from the floor, are frequently constructed of brickwork, and one end of the whole building, where the cameras stand, may or may not be completely covered in. The remainder of both sides and roof is of glazed glass suitably shielded from the direct rays of the sun by a number of carefully arranged awnings, fitted inside the studio, which can be easily pulled across to diffuse the light. In summer the interior should be well ventilated by electric fans, because of the heat generated from the sun shining through glass, and in winter it requires to be warmed by electric radiators, if the geographical situation or altitude makes the atmosphere cold. With- out this attention to comfort film actresses and actors could not be expected to reach the high standard of dramatic art required for good motion-pictures. The artificial lighting, which plays such an important part in the taking, or filming as it is called, of motion- pictures when the natural light of day is unsuitable, is sometimes accomplished by means of a number of enclosed long, or violet electric arcs, but in the large American studios Cooper-Hewitt mercury vapour tubes are generally used. As many as 300 of these being employed in banked formation to illuminate one large stage. 44