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November, 1 945
FILM AND RADIO GUIDE
21
When camouflage is taught in the spring and summer months, classes are conducted out of doors. A camouflage “flat-top” is built by students and then elevated and photographed from above.
Another home-made visual aid is a miniature landscape, showing terrain. This is about five feet long and a yard wide. It demonstrates various landmarks that may be recorded on a map. A photomap was made of this landscape and following that a topographical map. Thus the student can see what the terrain is when it is seen with the naked eye, how it appears on a photomap, and how it is represented on a topographic map.
For learning aircraft identification, models in black cardboard are supplied. Several thousand of these are supplied to army hospitals. Thirty-five different planes may be constructed from these materials. Patients may retain any models they construct. Plastic models of eightyfive different types of allied and enemy planes have been on display in showcases.
Visual aids are not confined to the wards, the Red Cross auditorium, and the classroom. In the dayroom there are numerous examples. A Mercator projection of the globe is mounted on a circular table in the center of the room. Flags of the United Nations, supplied by several consuls, are on display. Newsmaps line the wall, as do photographs of planes, posters from various United Nations, and photographs of battle scenes.
All these are visual aids to instruction. A few words about the audio aids for educational reconditioning. A public address system has loud speakers in every ward in the hospital.
In addition to music during
each meal, the following programs of educational interest are included :
1. Two 15-miiiute newscasts daily at 1:00 and 6:00 based on A.P. and U.P. dispatches as they are delivered to the Post from the local newspaper subscribing to the services.
2. A fifteen-minute program daily on an educational or orientational subject.
3. Dramatizations of timely interest.
4. Spot interviews with soldiers who have interesting stories to tell.
The Armed Forces Radio Institue supplies IS'/j hours of transcribed programs on a weekly loan basis. These programs run the gamut from Fritz Kreisler to Tommy Dorsey. In General Hospitals a n d overseas, V-Discs are distributed. These are recordings made gratis by many prominent musicians and orchestras and may be retained. A set of twenty records is sent out each month. These services make it possible to present the finest of musical entertainment at no cost at all to the hospital. The value to morale is incalculable.
The United States Armed Forces Institute has prepared blitz record courses in about forty foreign languages. These are in the form of statements in English and the foreign language and are designed to give a slight speaking and understanding knowledge after listening to a set of four records six or seven times. These records are accompanied by language guides which contain the statements made in the records. No teacher is needed if the student will faithfully follow instructions. He is told to listen to the statement in English, then to its equivalent in the foreign language, and then to repeat the foreign idiom. This is purely an imitative method of learning the simplest rudiments
of a language and no more.
For those who wish to acquire real fluency in French, Italian, Chinese, and Turkish, there are sets of thirty records in each language, which require about 300 hours for mastery. Personal experience in teaching classes in German, Spanish, Japanese, and Italian by this method, justifies the contention that but a few hours are required for a speaking knowledge of even the strangest language. There are four record-players available for the use of small self-study groups or individual study. For those who wish to read the foreign language also, the library has grammars and readers in thirty-eight different languages.
In addition to the foreignlanguage records and the music collection, there are other audioeducational aids. Over 100 transcriptions have been sent from various governmental and private agencies. For example. Station KDKA has sent almost a complete series of “Adventures in Research.” These are dialogues about various topics of scientific interest. The War Manpower Commission sent a series of ten transcriptions on “Arms for Victory,” each of which describes the history of one weapon, such as the submarine, the camera, the parachute. Through the U. S. Office of Education, hundreds of transcriptions may be borrowed for a period of four weeks. A script service is also available for those who like to perform with live casts.
From an examination of the information presented, one can grasp the importance of audiovisual aids in the training of the soldier, and specifically in the reconditioning of the sick and wounded. What influence will this have upon the returned sol