Film and Radio Guide (Oct 1945-Jun 1946)

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18 FILM AND RADIO GUIDE Volume XII, No. 3 What We Can Learn From Army -Navy Training Into the melee of pro and con over the educational revolution ushered in by Army and Navy use of training aids now comes the clear, cool voice of the U. S. Office of Education. Following are highlights from Use of Training Aids in the Armed Services, Bulletin 1945, No. 9 (10 cents) comprising the report of the Committee on Military Training Aids and Instructional Materials: On Films: “The Armed Forces during the past 4 years have produced more than six-fold as great a number of moton pictures and filmstrips as had ever been produced before for strictly educational purposes. Films were used literally with the entire Army and Navy. It can be said that more people have been subjected to training films as a regular instructional tool than ever before in the history of this country.” Training Aids Included in Curriculum Planning: “In general in the Services, planning of basic curriculum includes planning for the training aids needed. Courses of study are, for example, frequently planned in the Navy by special committees created for the purpose. On these committees serve representatives of the Navy bureau involved, representatives of manufacturers of training equipment, and subjectmatter specialists from schools and colleges. Curricula include not only nature, scope, and sequence of subjectmatter, but hourly class breakdowns, with lists of training aids in detail for each class period.” Training Aids Development Center: “The Committee does feel, however, that consideration might well be given to the creation, in appropriate institutions, of centers where initial research would be carried on, through which recognition could be given to individual and local research and through which stimulation could be given to more extended and effective use of appropriate training aids and devices.” Education Can Learn from Advertisers: “The Services have been quick to see, however, that the techniques used in advertising and other promotional activities comprehend a sure grasp of the nature of human motivatlbn and that these techniques are equally applicable to creating incentives for training.” Putting Humor into Education: “The use of humor has received a gieat deal of attention in thought and practice in the training program of the Services. Especially does it (the Committee) feel that the use of humor may be productive of value for civilian education. Traditionally in civilian education we have felt that the use of humor in instruction is incompatible with seriousness of purpose. Perhaps the Services may be able to show us that we have excluded a most important motivating factor in abstaining from the use of humor in teaching.” Even the Pin Ball Machine: “There are numerous applications of all systems, such as films, filmstrips, slides, flash cards, posters, pictures, scale models — both still and actuated — filmstrips in stereopticons, and shadowgraphs. Even the pin ball machine has been adapted to this purpose.” Realism in Education: “A course is laid out, usually several hundred yards in length. Machine guns with fixed angles of fire are set to fire from 3 to 6 feet over the ground level. The soldier is required to crawl over the course while the guns fiie over his head. Needless to say a high degree of realism is achieved. “The problem of creating realism in the learning situation has not been overlooked in civilian programs. However, this Committee believes that the experience of the Services in the use of devices, especially the so-called ‘synthetic’ devices, has definite value for professional, technical, and vocational education.” Learning by Doing: “In many areas in civilian education the pupil or student is never called upon to put together in supervised practice all the separate things he has learned, and it is not enough to say that he learned these individual items on an experience basis. “The Committee believes that we in civilian education may find important values in the emphasis of the Services upon complete and integrated programs of ‘learning by doing,’ and upon qualifications of trainees by practice tests.” Army-Navy: Spare Those Films When the news got abroad that the Army and Navy were burning surplus prints of wartime training films, loud protests arrived in Washington. Congressional and other pressure induced the services to stay the hand that held the torch. Hurriedly, the U. S. Office of Education called a meeting October 15-18. Representatives of various subject fields and visual education met with armed forces and surplus property officials. Tentative result : Educators will li.st films they believe useful to civilian education. Services will make films available for distri bution through the Department of Commerce. Choices can be made from lists to be circulated. Office of Education will publicize film subjects and how to get them through its newly organized surplus property nationwide, liaison officer network. 6 Recordings Free The Interior Department has announced “one of the few truly documentary series especially prepared for schools,” and the only transcription series ever made about Puerto Rico — This Is Puerto Rico. The series comprises six documentary repoi'ts on our island possession in the