Film technique and film acting : the cinema writings of V. I. Pudovkin (1954)

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34 PUDOVKIN To what has been said must be added that in construction of the scenario one must be careful of the distribution of the titles. A continual, even interruption of the action by titles is not desirable. It is better to try to distribute them (this is especially important with continuity titles) so that by concentrating them in one part I of the scenario the remainder is left free for development of the action. Thus work the Americans, giving all the necessary explanations in the early reels, strengthening the middle by use of more spoken titles, and at the end, in quicker tempo, carrying through the bare action to the finish without titles. It is interesting to note that, apart from its literal content, the title may have also a plastic content. For example, often large, distinct lettering is used, the importance of the word being associated with the size of the letters with which it is formed. An example — in the propaganda film Famine there was an end title as follows : first appeared in normal size the first word " Comrades " ; it disappeared and was replaced by a larger " Brothers " ; and finally appeared the third — filling the whole screen — " Help ! " Such a title was undoubtedly more effective than an ordinary one. Consideration of the plastic size of the title is undoubtedly very interesting, and this the scenarist should remember.16 Yet more important than the plastic aspect of a title is its rhythmic significance. We have already said that too long tides must not be used. This is not all ; it must be borne in mind that with the length of a