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MANAGERS AND PROJECTIONISTS 891
Electric Meters
THE watt hour meter is the instrument now in general use for measuring the electric power consumed. The measurement is in watt hours, the meaning of which is that a certain number of watts have been used for a certain given number of hours, the use of one watt for one hour being the unit of measurement. The principle of operation of the electric meter is as follows :
The dial which records the consumption of the power is operated by a specially constructed, very small motor, placed in series with the current consuming apparatus. The motor is so constructed that if it were "operated at a pressure of one volt for a period of one hour, during all of which time one ampere of current flowed, it would record one watt, or. in other words, one watt hour. This means that if, for instance, the motor be run for one hour under a pressure of 110 volts, with 10 amperes of current flowing, it would move the dial hand just far enough during that hour to record 110 x 10 = 1,100 watt hours, or 1.1 kilowatt hours, or if the pressure be 110 volts and the amperage 100, then during the same time the motor would move the dial hands far enough to record 110 x 100 = 11,000 watt hours, or 11 kilowatt hoursThis roughly describes the principle of operation upon which 'the electric meter is based, and in a work of this kind that is all that could be expected, because to give you a thorough detailed understanding of meters would consume a great deal of space, without commensurate benefit.
TESTING METER.— If it is suspected the meter is wrong the instrument may be roughly tested in several ways, one of which would be to connect an ammeter into the lines and a volt meter across the lines near the meter. Read the meter and then burn a number of lamps for a period of exactly one hour, during which time the meter must record exactly the wattage obtained by multiplying the reading of the ammeter by the reading of the volt meter, both of which should first be tested to make sure that they are correct. This is not intended as a conclusive test, but if after making such a test there is a discrepancy between the meter and the wattage indicated by the volt meter and ammeter, then you