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RKO PRODUCTIONS, INCORPORATED 149
between two different media, the film and the disc. The assembly of pictures for release prints was more rapidly accomplished by the film method. The finished work might also be more readily inspected.
The disc method of recording was not so new and technically mysterious as the film method; disc recording had been practiced in the production of phonograph records for a number of years. The operation was standardized. It was claimed that the method was superior because the sound on film method lessened the photographic quality of the picture. In printing sound-film, there had been as yet no adequate system for combining the sound negative with the picture negative, principally for two reasons. One was that the scene negative had to be printed through the clear or unexposed part of the sound negative, as both passed before the window of the printing machine. This unexposed film, although transparent to the eye, formed a sort of veil over the scene print. The second reason was that the sound negative had to be printed continuously, causing blurring. With disc recording, no compromise whereby sound would be sacrificed in order to obtain a good pictorial result, was necessary in the development of the film. It was stated that the disc method was better when greater precision in recording was required. An important advantage possessed by the disc was that it afforded an immediate playback of scenes recorded; the director was able to know that the sound was going through the system and being recorded for permanent use in the picture.
Research workers stated1 that the real problems of sound on film lay in the field of photography. The colloid, or gelatin, which formed the base of the film emulsion, held in suspension numberless molecules of silver salts. Unless these molecules were completely oxidized by exposure to fight, they tended to fade. This fading process might take place immediately or later. On the other hand, if they were overexposed they underwent other changes equally disastrous. In the one case, the fading resulted in diminishing the sound recording to the vanishing point, while in the other case, distortion resulted.
In the distribution of sound pictures the sound-on-film print was less bulky, less fragile, and more convenient to handle than discs. There was less shipping expense and there were fewer
lFilm Daily, March 17, 1929.