Harvard business reports (1930)

682 HARVARD BUSINESS REPORTS Competition (Continued): nontheatrical market producer-controlled theaters short film field unfair, see unfair competition Consolidation newsreels to reduce production costs producers, to meet competition 33 Consumers advertising see Advertising — consumer questionnaires submitted to Contracts employment Equity lease for lease of sound reproducing equipment 495-497, sales Allied States Franchise Agreement arbitration clause in cancellations, decrease in exhibitor associations' suggestions on five-year distributor-exhibitor franchise Standard Exhibition 257-259 Standard Form Artists Contract theater transfers to evade Universal Complete Service Plan Cooperative associations independent exhibitors newsreels, to reduce production costs Cooperative buying associations, exhibitors collecting data on members' policies failure of maintenance of identity membership in method of operation 17 reasons for forming to meet chain competition Cooperative marketing association by small group of producers distribution of profits see also Cooperative Associations; Cooperative buying associations Copyright infringement alleged protection of form, not substance Cost studies necessity for 172 295 101 126 132 500 596 642 39i 659 303 201 377 273 659 126 628 616 13 609 21 16 628 281 281 217 217 Credit refused on basis of decline in quality of product 56 rules held in restraint of trade 375 see also Bank loans; Production loans Depreciation films, accounting for 84 theater equipment, method of calculating 506 Discounts, cash, in collections on exhibition contracts 93 Distribution costs, individual selling 273 establishing distributing system 7,^ expansion of organization 26 foreign sales S3 merchandise selection 172 method changed by competition 295 problems of 6 sales to chain theaters $3 see also Distributors; Exchanges Distributors loss of market 295 marketing organization 281 pricing 288 sales organization 319 unit of sales 288 see also Distribution; Producerdistributors; Producers District survey to determine profitable theater location 480, 485 Educational films increased production proposed 101 sales outlets for 159 silent or sound 172 University Film Foundation 159 Y.M.C. A. Motion Picture Bureau 172 Educational Film Exchanges, Incorporated 288 Educational Pictures, Incorporated 101, 115, 126, 229 Electrical Research Products, Incorporated 153 Equipment see Theater equipment Exchanges, motion picture centralization of control 22-23, 349 definition 350 expansion of 26 for nontheatrical films 159 loss of market 295 operation of 349 opposition to nontheatrical sales 342 proposal to standardize protection 561