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Cinematography in Colors 611
colors. This was also claimed for double-coated film. F. T. O'Grady233 would apply the filters to the emulsion as in his previous patent. In a subsequent patent2'4 the negative was taken through a two-color rotating sector shutter and the positives printed through a line screen, all the one color records being printed first and the other record printed in accurate juxtaposition.
C. J. Coleman205 would overcome the difficulty of ruling very fine lines by placing in front of the camera lens at a distance equal to about onetwentieth or more of the distance between the lens and the subject, a line screen. It was stated that by thus placing the screen "the resistance to and choking or decreasing of the volume of light passing through the lens is decreased very materially." The same arrangement was to be practically used in projection. L. Dufay*,fl would dye one side of the celluloid blue and print resist lines thereon. An alcoholic red dye was then applied, which destroyed the blue exposed spaces. The resist was removed and a yellow dye applied which produced green and orange. A fresh series of resist lines were then printed at an angle to the first and a blue-violet dye applied, which destroyed the yellow in the unprotected parts. A fourcolor screen was thus produced.
L. F. Douglass237 proposed to copy a series of black dots or figures on a positive film and dye-tone them red. Then sensitize the clear gelatin with a ferric salt, expose and develope with ferricyanide, forming a blue ground. The whole film was then stained yellow, so that the red became an orange-red and blue a blue-green. M. C. Flopkins238 would obtain the constituent negatives in the ordinary way, make therefrom positives with linear screen of monochrome colors, thus following the patents of Bradshaw & Lyell and Kelley, that is with the color lines displaced as regards one another. S. SchapovalofP t9 patented a process applicable to a screenfilm or one with superposed images, in which successive coatings were sensitized, and which might contain a white diffusive material.
The Aktiengesellschaft f. Anilinfabrikation240 proposed to reproduce on a mosaic screen through the taking filters, three record positives, or the image additively projected in colors might he printed by the same method.
1. Les Mondes, Feb. 25, 1869. Subsequently published as a separate pamphlet, entitled : "Solution generale du Probleme de la Photographie des Couleurs,' Paris, 1869.
2. D.R.P. 98,799, 1897; Silbermann, 2, 343; Brit. J. Phot. 1916, 63, Col. Phot. Supp. 9, 19; Jahrbuch, 1900, 14, 561 ; Phot. Rund. 1899, 13, 29.
C. F. Jenkins, Brit. J. Phot. 1900, 47, Supp. 4, also suggested color cinematography with red, yellow and blue filters. T. C. Porter, E.P. 12,921, 1897 patented alternate projection of the pictures with occulting shutter for the observers, for stereoscopy ; the process might be used for color work.
3. E.P. 21,649, 1898; abst. Brit. J. Phot. 1899, 46, 729; 1907, 54, Col. Phot. Supp. 1, 47; Photogram, 1900, 7, 109.
For a lantern on similar lines see E.P. 13,883, 1900.
4. E.P. 10,611, 1907; Brit. J. Phot. 1908, 55, 598, 607; F.P. 377,374; Can.P. 108,152; Belg.P. 199.772; Phot. Coul. 1908, 3, 216.
R. Krayn, E.P. 10,000, 1900, void; Brit. J. Phot. 1900, 47, Supp. 96 also pro