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634 History of Three-Color Photography
selected which gives a colored impression without further treatment. The prepared film bands, which carry the individual constituent images, can now with the aid of the corresponding register marks, etc., be brought immediately into the correct mutual position, if required with the use of an adhesive or cement. The preparation of a three-layer film is obvious from the above description without further comment."
This is, so far as can be traced, the first suggestion for the cementing together of the individual colored constituent images to form a subtractive cinematograph film, capable of projection in any machine. The cementing of the three positives, however, whether for prints or transparencies, was well known at this time to those skilled in the art.61
J. E. Thornton62 proposed to use extra thin celluloid, not more than 0.002 in. thick and produce the constituent images on triple-width film. The methods of obtaining the colored images might be by any process. The film was then to be slit and the images superposed and cemented together, thus producing a single subtractive picture, which might be run through any projector, as outlined and anticipated by Witte above. In this patent the inventor gives the printing colors as red, green and violet, thus obviously giving incorrect results. A machine was ako patented63 for developing, dyeing and assembling multiple-width positives. A further modification,64 such as the Tauleigne-Mazo iodide process, or the absorption of dyes by hardened or unhardened gelatin, or the formation of reliefs, was patented. The obtaining of register by means of the perforations was also claimed. Later65 the thin films were to be supported on an inextensible base, such as metal. M. and H. Nekut66 also patented the use of a provisory support with subsequent superposition and stripping. In a later patent67 Thornton claimed cementing the images or celluloid together. For the temporary support68 a rough-surfaced paper coated with rubber might be used. The two-color images might be produced by any and every process that has ever been suggested or used.
F. E. Ives69 proposed to make two separate negatives, one of them reversed, and positives from the same were toned in the proper colors and cemented face to face with gelatin or other cement, and the celluloid dissolved from one face with amyl acetate whilst wet. In another process70 the first image of a tri-color picture was to be obtained by cyanotype toning a silver image. The gelatin was to be then sensitized with dichromate, the image stained up with eosin red, and the third image obtained by imbibition from a separate dyed relief. A method which had been in use for many years. The same inventor also patented71 the use of what he called "dichroic" images. Positives were made as usual, but in making the green filter negative it was preferred "to admit to the sensitive film a slight amount of blue light, enough to give a pale or feeble effect," thus following Bennett's idea, as outlined for Kinemacolor. But the main idea seems to have been the mixture of dyes, for instance, fast red D in