The history of three-color photography (1925)

Double-Coated Stock 651 machine and frame for treating double-coated film positives so that the staining of the one side should not interfere with that of the other. L. T. Troland, J. A. Ball and J. M. Andrews53 patented an apparatus for treating one side of the film, which is essentially a modification of Mason's idea. F. B. Thompson54 patented a machine for the automatic development, fixing, toning, etc., of double-coated stock, in which both faces of the film were subjected to the action of the solutions with automatic arrangements to remove surplus moisture from the surface of the film and to obviate shrinkage. P. D. Brewster55 patented a method of differential development of negatives, taken through red and green filters, so as to obtain equal gammas, and described a machine for the same, in which the film was treated for varying times for each side. J. G. Capstaff and N. B. Green56 patented a method of correcting the color or dye ratios on double-coated and stained positive pictures, by treatment of one or other with 1 per cent alcoholic solution of ammonia. The principle of reducing overstained positives by the use of an alkaline solution, such as borax or ammonia, was given by von Hiibl57 (see p. 444). D. F. Comstock58 patented a blower to remove superficial moisture from the surface of a film and a suction pad to withdraw any liquid in the perforations. W. V. D. Kelley59 patented the use of double-coated stock printed from black and white negatives and dyeing up in complementary colors. This was essentially for titles, and by adjusting the colors pleasing results could be obtained. H. Friess60 patented a machine for dyeing films, consisting of a number of troughs over which the film passed. Over each was a paddle wheel, which forced the film intermittently into the dye solution, the latter being kept in circulation. 1. D.R.P. 238,514, 1910; Zeits. ang. Chem. 1911, 24, 1956; Chem. Ztg. Rep. 1912, 16; Jahrbuch, 1912, 26, 359; abst. C. A. 1911, 5, 40, 359. Cf. The section on opaque supports also. As to the use of double-coated supports for black and white work see: J. Kirk, U.S.P. 136.439, 1873; Phot. News, 1873, 17, 225; Phot. Korr. 1874, 11, 6; Handbuch, 1897, 2, II, 232. A. Hommel, E.P. 3.059, 1875; Phot. News, 1876, 20, 308; Phot. Korr. 1876; Phot. Mitt. 1876, 13, 54. "Amateur Canadian," Phot. News, 1873, 17, 211, 322; Phot. Times, 1873, 3, 103. L. Warnerke, E.P. 2,099, 1885; 2,662, 1887; Brit. J. Phot. 1885, 29, 474; 1886, 33, 213, 229; Brit. J. Almanac, 1886, 121; Phot. News, 1885. 29, 474, 604; 1886, 30, 25. 231, 261. A. Nowicki, Phot. News, 1888, 32, 19. W. Friese-Greene, E.P. 13,377, 1885; 1,075, 1895; Can.P. 50,899, 1895; 51,412, 1896; D.R.P. 118,205; Silbermann, 2, 86; Brit. J. Almanac, 1898, 878. T. C. Roche, U.S.P. 328,431, 1885; Can.P. 21.453. 1885. E. and H. Anthony. Can.P. 22,280, 1885. A. Schwarz. D.R.P. 149,799, 1902; Silbermann, 1, 165; E.P. 12,585, 1899; U.S.P. 656,751. Neue Phot. Gesellschaft, D.R.P. 95,197, 1896; Silbermann, 1, 181. H. Goodwin, U.S.P. 610,861, 1898; applic. 1887. Grieshaber, Phot. News, 1890, 34, 352; Brit. J. Phot. 1890, 37, 303. G. Rvdill, E.P. 5,947, 1883. W. C. Renfrew and F. G. Wilcox, E.P. 2,675, 1913; D.R.P. 269,683, 1913. F. Largajolli, Austr.P. 70,651, 1915; abst. C. A. 1916, 10, 124. A. C. McCloskey, U.S.P. 1,213,925; 1,265,464, 1918; abst. T. S. C. I. 1918, 37, 486. A. L. Smith, E.P. 16,999, 1905; F.P. 369,043; abst. J. S. C. I. 1907, 26, 67; D.R.P. 196.768; abst. Wag. Jahr. 1908. 54, II. 496; Chem. Ztg. Rep, 1908, 32, 228; J. S. C. I. 1906, 25, 654. M. Lew, F.P. 10,098, 1897; Nature, 1897. 57, 311 ; Brit. J. Phot. 1897, 44, 539; Phot. Annual, 1898, 389; D.R.P. 106,576, 1897; Silbermann, 1, 87; Handbuch. 1905. 3, 595; Jahrbuch, 1898, 12, 231. G. Seguy, Compt. rend. 1897, 125, 602; Phot. Annual, 1898, 389. A. Edwards, F.P. 111,913, 1916; abst.