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• TYPICAL of the amateur who processes his own movie film is Karl Brueckner of Milwaukee, who designed and built his own equipment shown here. Outfit handles 50 feet of film at a time.
• WALLY BARKOFF, Salt Lake City, operates this small commercial processing plant which caters to serious amateurs and professionals demanding fast service, exacting quality. Outfit features automatic film loading device, and two small compressed air jets remove excess water from film surfaces as film is being wound on drying rack.
What Yon Should Know About Reversal Process
Here's what happens to your film at the processing laboratory. Here, also, are tips for those who want to process their own films.
By LARS MOEN
HETHER YOU are one of the avid experimenters who do their own processing or one of the great majority who shoot a roll of film and drop it in the mailbox, you should know something about the all-important operation of reversal — the process which made amateur movie-making on a large scale possible.
Early sub-standard cine cameras used film from which a print had to be made for projection. One of the first companies to realize that the amateur usually wanted one copy only, and that there would be a tremendous economy and simplification if the original negative could be reversed to a positive, was Eastman Kodak Company.
As early as 1914, a laboratory crew under the direction of John G. Capstaff was working on the idea. There was nothing new about reversal, the effect being known from the earliest days of photography. The earliest color
processes, such as the Lumiere Autochrome Plate, used reversal development. By and large, however, it was considered a laboratory curiosity, and the methods used for color plates were too variable and complex to apply to continuous machine processing.
Within a few years, a procedure had been worked out which, although it has been improved, remains basically the same to this day. Whether your film goes to a processing station, or whether you do it yourself, the four basic steps which the film must go through are:
1. Development of the negative image.
2. Removal of the negative image.
3. Exposure to light of the remainder.
4. Development of the remainder to a positive' image.
As we shall see, there are also some minor washes and clearing baths, but • Continued on Page 29 7
• A TYPICAL portable film processing machine rendering fast service and used by film producers and others who process their own 16mm. black-and-white films. Film qoes in one end, comes out the other completely processed.
• MOST FILM manufacturers process reversal films usinq equipment similar to this. There are no trays nor drums. Instead, film travels continuously through series of vertical tanks, finally emerging completely processed and ready to project.
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