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by Charles Smouse
One little, fragile ribbon of celluloid can store up a host of ideas, faces, places and memories. Some of it may be trivial and unimportant. But most is irreplaceable. Priceless pictures, nevertheless, are allowed to deteriorate until they appear on the screen with scratches, gouges, "rain streaks" and jumpiness caused by broken perforations.
Care for film involves only a few, standard precautions. Visualizing a roll of film, step by step, reveals the awaiting hazards and how to avoid them.
Consider, first, a new roll of unexposed film. Raw film, it is called, and it is as delicate as a baby's tummy. The inside of any camera is bound to collect dust, lint and particles of emulsion. To clean it, a small dime-store brush is essential. Pay particular attention to the film gate, for any lint in the aperture will be photographed in silhouette and become a permanent, eradicable part of the picture. A camera should be oiled only as recommended by the manufacturer or a reliable camera machinist.
Loading Camera
While loading, roll film needs to be held firmly. If the roll loosens, the edges of the film become light-struck or fogged. A shaded spot, away from direct sunlight, is essential for load
HOW NOT TO HANDLE FILM. THE AUTHOR'S EXAGGERATED SELF PORTRAIT.
— and fragile. Here's how to take
ing and unloading. Film in magazines, however, is less susceptible to fogging while being handled.
Motion picture film is made from celluloid coated with a light sensitive photographic emulsion having a gelatin base. The shiny side is referred to as the base, or celluloid side. The dull side is the emulsion side. Reversible film is projected with the base side toward the projection lamp. If it is a duplicate print, however, it is projected with the emulsion side toward the light source. This applies for black and white or color.
When the film is returned from the laboratory, it usually is on a small tin reel. Care begins when we mount the film on a larger and more substantial reel. It would be simple to store the
films under perfect conditions, but pictures are made to be seen. This means handling, rewinding, projection under intense heat, and possibly drastic changes in humidity. Expansion and contraction put stress on the film fiber; brittleness causes film to break easily, especially at the perforations.
Winding Film
Film should be handled only with a pair of light, cotton gloves. Handle the film by the edges. A common practice, with disastrous results, is the habit of cinching. When a film is loosely wound, it is easy to tighten it by grasping the leader of the film in one hand and the roll in the other and pulling until the film tightens into a firm roll. This causes "rain streaks"
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CAMERA CARE. Use a brush to'remove dust, lint and emulsion particles.
HOLD FILM spool firmly while loading or unloading camera. Loose loops allow light to strike film.
DO NOT CINCH film. This causes "rain streaks" and other scratches. Rough treatment lessens delicate film's span of life.
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