How to add sound to amateur films (1954)

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records. Within the limits of your collection of records, you can then use the music best suited to the films. Moreover you can start the show when the audience is ready — a factor contributing to a good reception. Using a radiogram, you will now encounter a new difficulty. For best effect, the loudspeaker should be by the screen. This suggests that, to change records, you must sit near the screen and hence away from the projector. Fortunately there is a simple solution to this problem : use the radiogram to operate an extension speaker standing near the screen. The speaker in the radiogram must, of course, be switched off or disconnected. Using this arrangement, you can set up the projector near the radiogram so that record-changing is simplified. When you use a gramophone turntable and pick-up in connection with a radio set, an alternative solution is possible. By using a long screened lead from your pick-up, you can stand the set by the screen and the turntable by the projector. The screened lead is a special type of wire in which a flexible outer covering woven from fine wires shields an insulated wire or wires running down the middle. Properly used, it can protect the feeble output of the pick-up from interference in the form of hum. The outer screening should be connected to one of the two sockets on the radio marked "Pick-up" or "P.U." If you connect it to the wrong socket, the hum will become very much worse, but matters will be improved on reversing the connections. Hum may also be pronounced if your radio set is of the kind which has an electrical connection between the metal chassis or framework inside and the mains. All A.C./D.C. sets have a "live" chassis of this kind and so also do many sets marked "A.C. only". If the hum is troublesome with such a set, try reversing the two mains leads. With a two-pin plug, merely unplug and plug in again, the other way round. If the set is wired to a three-pin plug, you must open the plug and interchange the leads going to the two smaller pins. 11