How to add sound to amateur films (1954)

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resistors of the same value. The potentiometer must then have about ten times this resistance to work well as a mixing control. In the middle position, the two pick-ups feed the amplifier in equal proportions. At either end, one pick-up is heard at full volume while the other is severely attenuated. Even this circuit is not entirely free from drawbacks. For example, the position of the mixing control may affect the tone quality of the music, particularly when crystal pick-ups are used. To get all the effects required, the professional sound engineers use mixing consoles nearly as big as a cinema organ. Don't expect perfection from the simple circuits described above, but they will give sufficient flexibility to produce very good results. Auto 'Couplings Twin turntables are useful mainly because they enable you to change quickly from one piece of music to another. However, they are also a great help when you want to play a single piece of music occupying more than one disc. Provided successive sides are recorded on different discs, you can eliminate the break at the change-over. You play the first record on one turntable and pick-up. Before it ends, place the second record on the other turntable. As the first record ends, lower the other pick-up on to the second record and quickly fade from the first pick-up to the second. This requires careful timing and rehearsal. Also, unless you buy records arranged in auto-couplings, you will need a duplicate set of records. Auto-couplings are intended primarily for use on gramophone units incorporating autochangers. The first record carries side 1 and the last side, the second record side 2 and the last but one, and so on. Some companies provide pairs of shorter works in autocouplings. Thus two overtures may be arranged back to back on two discs instead of each overture occupying the two sides of a single disc. When you are playing two consecutive sides of a single work, the two turntables must run at exactly the same speed. 20