How to add sound to amateur films (1954)

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Sound Mixing on Tape When you have mastered the rudiments of recording commentary and music on tape, you will want to add the finer touches. For many of these you need some way of recording two or more sounds on the same piece of tape. For example, you may want to mix slowly from the sound of a waterfall into a piece of music. This is clearly a much smoother transition than the fading-down of one followed by the fading-in of another. Alternatively, you may have a sound effect for the engine of the "Skylark" and you want to get it on the same piece of tape as the sound effects of waves and seagulls. Then again you may decide to record a commentary over a background of music rather than in spaces left or made for it. In many ways this is the most exacting case of all, so we will discuss it in detail. The same methods can be applied to each problem. Just as there are several ways of recording a synchronised commentary, so there are various ways of mixing sounds on tape. 1. You can mix together the outputs of microphone and pick-up, or of two pick-ups, and record them simultaneously. 2. You can record one sound on tape with the correct timing. Then run it through a second time and record the second sound without completely erasing the first (p. 82). 3. After recording the first sound, you can play it back, mix in the second sound and re-record the two together on the other half of the same tape. 4. By a variation of the pilot commentary technique (p. 77), you can remove half the width of the track carrying one sound and replace it with a recording of the second 80