How to add sound to amateur films (1954)

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Stroboscopic Disc ^. D Capstan^^— . Capstan I J A mirror above the projection beam spills sufficient light on to the tape recorder to illuminate the capstan stroboscope. The disc can be mounted on a screw passing through a tube into a hole tapped in the end of the capstan shaft. From the table find the number of black bars required on the stroboscope for every inch diameter of the capstan. Then if you multiply this number by the diameter of the capstan in inches, you get the number of bars needed for synchronisation at 16 f.p.s. or 24 f.p.s., as the case may be. Usually this includes an awkward fraction of a bar. As it is no use trying to draw a fraction of a bar on the stroboscopic disc, choose the nearest whole number of bars and run the projector slightly above or below 16 f.p.s. (or 24 f.p.s.) to arrest the stroboscope pattern. If you have more than eight bars on your disc, your projector speed will be within 1 f.p.s. of the speed you want. Projection at 15 f.p.s. instead of 16 f.p.s. does not greatly alter the tempo of a film. For example, a projector runs at 16 f.p.s. and has a shutter providing three obscurations per frame. The tape speed is 1\ inches per second and the capstan diameter 93