The international photographer (Jan-Dec 1941)

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S. M. p. E. CONVENTION Abstracts of Paper for the Fiftieth SemiAnnual Convention, Hotel Pennsylvania, New York, N. Y., October 20-23, 1941. The Papers Committee submits for the consideration of the membership the following abstracts of papers to be presented at the Fall Convention. It is hoped that the publication of these abstracts will encourage attendance at the meeting and facilitate discussion. The papers presented at Conventions constitute the bulk of the material published in the Journal. The abstracts may therefore be used as convenient reference until the papers are published. A. C. Downes, Editorial Vic-President. S. Harris, Chairman, Papers Committee. G. A. Chambers, Chairman. West Coast Papers Committee. F. T. Bowditch, F. L. Eich, R. E. Farnham, J. L. Forrest, C. R. Keith, E. W. Kellog, P. J. Larsen, G. E. Matthews, W. H. Offenhauser, R. R. Scovllle, S. P. Solow, W. V. Wolfe. Dynamic Screen — a Speculation; Robert W. Russell, Training Film Production Laboratory, Ft. Monmouth, N. J. Within its present limits, various phases of the motion picture have been brought close to technical exhaustion and artistic satisfaction. Competition with color television and other forms of entertainment require that motion pictures come forth with another "sudden impact of novelty" similar to its other great discoveries: screen personalities, story, montage, sound, color. One great frontier remains ior film-makers and engineers: the selective delimitation of the screen. The familiar rectangular screen shape forces the motion picture to accomplish everything within a rigid opening like a window. Feeble attempts have been made to vary this arbitrary shape, usually hy trying to substitute other arbitrary shapes: the "Grandeur" wide -film, the square frame, the circular "iris-in." camera matte shapes. Unprogressive justificaton for the present rectangle is in static painters" composition, in commercial standardization, and in a false claim of relationship to the "Golden Section" rectangle. It is possible to speculate on a new type of motion picture production using the unlimited, unframed "Dynamic Screen," permitting another "sudden impact of novelty" to meet the increasing competition of similar medium of entertainment. Great new frontiers of cinematic effect are opened up by making the screen area the entire proscenium wall, by employing a projector lens that will throw the 35mm frame to cover this whole wall as a potential, and by selectively limiting the projected image to smaller pictures within this potential, using peculiarly appropriate or eccentric delimitations in an overall montage of boundaries. Such a production can be imagined, described, and even accomplished with present-day equipment. Mobile Television Equipment; R.L.Campbell, R. E. Kessler, R. E. Rutherford, and K. V. Landsberc, Allen B. DuMont Laboratories, Passaic, N. J. While portability is a necessary requirement for outside pick-up equipment, several advantages result when portability is carried into the studio. To equip a studio of adequate size with fixed equipment for operation of several cameras involves considerable time and expenditure. However, with portable studio equipment, the entire equipment installation can be located to suit studio needs, as well as moved to different studios or outside locations. The dolly type of equipment is described in Motion Picture Equipment Studio and Laboratory Tested Since 1929 AUTOMATIC DEVELOPING MACHINE COMPLETE IN EVERY DETAIL Immediate Delivery HOLLYWOOD USERS CAN ATTEST MACHINE'S SUPERIORITY USERS ALL OVER THE WORLD CAN RECOMMEND THIS DEVELOPING MACHINE THIS PRACTICAL MACHINE CAN BE USED IN ANY CLIMATE EASILY INSTALLED— QUICK DELIVERIES © SENSITESTER— For Light Tests and Sensitometric Strips • SOUND RECORDING SYSTEMS ART REEVES 1515 Cahuenga Blvd. Cable address: ARTREEVES Hollywood. California. U. S. A. some detail, and systems for program control are discussed. Some of the design features discussed are portability and flexible synchronizing equipment; electronic view finders; oscilloscope monitors; and other operating facilities. Production and Release Applications of Fine-grain Films for Variable-Density Sound Recovery; C. R. Daily, Paramount Pictures, Inc., Hollywood, Calif. Fine-grain film materials have supplanted the normal positive type emulsions for all variabledensity sound recording and printing operations. The sound-quality improvement realized by the reduction in noise and distortion is now available for all sound operations, including release prints. The paper describes a number of problems encountered and solved in the commercial application of such films for sound recording, including factors affecting the choice of negative and print materials, noise, distortion, sensitometric characteristics, recorder lamp supplies, and noise problems on stage. Laboratory Modification and Procedure in Connection with Fine-Grain Release Printing; J. R. Wilkinson and F. L. Eich, Paramount Picture, Inc., Hollywood, Calif. While finegrain emulsions have been in general use for specialty purposes for three years or more, their use as a medium for release prints is comparatively recent. This paper discusses the necesary modifications required in a release print laboratory to produce satisfactory fine-grain release prints. The discussion covers the light source, power supply, light-testing, and printing equipment. Observations noted while processing the first thirty million feet of release prints are made relative to the behavior and charactristics of the film. A Note on the Processing of Eastman 1302 Fine-Grain Release Positive in Hollywood; V. C. Shaner, Eastman Kodak Co., Hollywood, Calif. A brief historical resume is given of a series of fine-grain films that have been put upon the market during the past four years. This series of fine-grain films culminated with the acceptance of Eastman 1302 fine-grain release positive at one Hollywood laboratory to the exclusion of regular positive of the 1301 type for release printing. Experimental data are presented to show the comparative sensitometric characteristics of fine-grain positive 1302 and regular positive 1301 at various pH values and potassium bromide concentrations typical of Hollywood positive developers. A basic positive developer formula derived from chemical analyses of every release positive developer in Hollywood was used in the experimental work. Some practical facts are discussed, based upon the experiences obtained from the initial use of the fine-grain film in Hollywood. A Frequency-Modulated Control Track for Movietone Prints; J. G. Frayne and F. P. Herrnfeld; Electric Research Products, Inc., Hollywood, Calif. A 5-mil frequency-modulated track located between sound and picture areas is proposed to control reproduction in the theater from one or more sound-tracks. A variation of approximately one octave in the control frequency provides a 30db change in volume range which may be used in part for volume expansion of loud sounds or as noise reduction for weak sounds. The controltrack frequency is varied manually and recorded simultaneously with the sound-track in the dubbing operation, the gain of the monitoring channel being varied in accordance with the control frequency to produce automatically the enhanced volume range desired from the release print. The track is recorded in line with the standard soundtrack and does not require separate printing or reproducing apertures. It is scanned by a separate 20