International projectionist (Jan-Dec 1950)

nificant action to a camera finder area which is somewhat smaller than that used in making films for normal projection use. Under these circumstances, all important information would then be seen on the majority of commercial receivers. Thus far, no standard has been established to specify the exact camera action field for Tv studio photography. One Tv station has reported that this camera action field should be about Zy<i% less for the top and bottom margins and about 13% less for horizontal margins as compared with the standard camera finder area. An appreciation of the dimensional areas involved may be obtained from Figs. 1 and 2. In Fig. 1, the outer solid line shows the standard camera aperture, which is also defined in the camera finder, for the 35-mm sound motion pic PROPOSED STD. CAMERA APERTURESTANDARD PROJECTOR APERTURE — CAMERA ACTION FIELD FOR -TELEVISION STUDIO PHOTOGRAPHYBASED ON LIMITED DATA *o= FIG. 2. Sixteen-millimeter camera and projector apertures and camera action field for Tv studio photography, based on limited data. ture camera, as covered by the American Standard Z22.59, 1947. The dotted line shows the standard projector aperture (American Standard Z22.58, 1947), while the cross-hatched area shows the limits of the camera action field for Tv studio photography, as based on the available limited data given above. Fig. 2 shows the corresponding areas for the 16-mm sound motion picture equipment. 'Apparent Definition' Subject matter should be photographed as large as possible, but should not unduly crowd action and movement of the characters. The most pleasant reproduction on the receiver screen is obtained from close-ups, and they should therefore be used as frequently as possible. Medium shots give just acceptable reproduction, while long shots give rather poor reproduction. It is necessary, of course, to include some long shots in order to obtain the essential continuity in terms of transition, location, and dramatic telling of the story. Furthermore, the inclusion of long shots gives the psychological effect of making the observer believe that the definition is better than reality would warrant, an effect known as apparent definition. The need for numerous close-ups is emphasized if one constantly visualizes reproduction in terms of the small viewing screen. On the average, most receivers at present are equipped with rather small screens as compared with screens commonly used for projection of home movies. The range of brightnesses which can be reproduced as satisfactory tone scale values is also much less than is the case for home movies. The producer should strive, therefore, to avoid the so-called "tunnel-viewing" effect and earnestly try to carry the viewer into the picture. N EWS PROJ ECTIONS Jottings of happenings which, while mostly of a non-technical nature, have a bearing upon general industry welfare and progress. GROSS receipts of motion pictures theaters in 1949 were only off 1% from those of 1948, if figures just released by the U. S. Dept. of Commerce are any indication. Theater owners do not lend complete acceptance to such figures, however, for three reasons: other general admission events are included; the increase in the number of theaters is A. TYPE "HI" TRANSVERTER * DELUXE THEATRES 3* SMALLER THEATRES X DRIVE-IN THEATRES * AUDITORIUMS PLUS FEATURES 5 TYPES TYPE "LV" for Simplex High 1 KW Arcs TYPE "HI" for Suprex Type Arcs TYPE "HIH" for Suprex and Spot Arcs TYPE "MA" for 50-70 Volt Low and High Intensity Arcs TYPE "CP" for 60-75 Volt High Intensity Arcs 1. Velvet-smooth power — no A. C. ripple 2. Cool, quiet performance 3. Safe, slow operating speed 4. Economical, long-life, troublefree operation 5. Modernized, compact, horizontal design 6. Proved experience since 1906 7. Sealed-for-life ball bearings 8. Designed for specific power supply of each installation 9. Easily adjusted ballast rheostats Distributed by NATIONAL THEATRE SUPPLY In Canada: GENERAL THEATRE SUPPLY COMPANY MOTORS • , THE HERTNER ELECTRIC COMPANY 12690 ELMWOOD AVE. • CLEVELAND 11, OHIO A General Precision Equipment Corporation Subsidiary MOTOR-GENERATORS • GENERATOR SETS INTERNATIONAL PROJECTIONIST • MARCH 1950 27