International projectionist (Jan-Dec 1955)

excellent safety triacetate base. Since 1928, safety film has been distinguished by the substitution of Type 5 for 1 as the initial number. Thus, Plus-X Panchromatic Negative is now known as Type 5231, and Fine Grain Release Positive as Type 5302. Wide-Scale 16-mm Development The first 16-mm film was introduced in 1923 as part of a program of home cinematography. An orthochromatic film, Type 5204, was first manufactured in May 1923 under the name of Kodak Safety Film for the Cine-Kodak and other cameras using 16-mm film. This film, after exposure in the camera, was from the beginning developed by a reversal process to a positive and used as a final print for projection. It was this system which was responsible for the success of the 16-mm program which has had such wide application in the whole development of motion pictures. Panchromatic Cine-Kodak Film, Type 5255, was placed on the market in 1928. The camera film was first supplied for daylight loading with a paper leader. Many experiments were made on the use of an opaque backing to avoid the troubles involved in the use of the paper leader. Finally, in 1931, a jet-black backing was made which gave the necessary protection to the film and which was removed in the processing machines. Supersensitive Panchromatic Supersensitive Cine-Kodak Panchromatic Type 5256 was introduced early in 1931, and this was replaced in 1939 by Super-X Cine-Kodak Panchromatic Film having the same type number, 5256, which is a current product. In 1938 Super-XX CineKodak Panchromatic Film, Type 5261, supplied the need for an ultraspeed reversal film. Undoubtedly, new black-and-white You may offer free parking . . . jglfjL Your usherettes may Pfi&P, be the smartest . . . hjfJfpQ BUT v — immr^ EVERY PERFORMANCE STILL MUST BE PERFECT! A perfect performance calls for equipment that rolls in top shape from earliest matinee to midnight show. The best man to keep it that way is an expert RCA Theatre Service Engineer. And he's the only man who's backed by all the broad technical resources of RCA. RCA SERVICE COM PA NY, INC. A Radio Corporation of America Subsidiary Camden, N. J. films for use in motion-picture photography will be introduced from time to time and will embody improvements made possible by the advance of the emulsion-maker's art. The future of motion-picture photography, however, involves the use of color, and the principal advances in motionpicture films will depend upon the improvement of the materials and processes used for color photography. DAMAGE TO PRINTS (Continued from page J 0) degree of tightness. Loose winding may be avoided by maintaining proper tension of the "dummy" brake. Loosely-wound rolls of film should be rewound twice more, and never tightened by pulling down on the outer lap of film. The speed of the motor-driven rewinder should be somewhere between 2% and 5 times normal projection speed. That is, a 2000-foot reel of film should rewind in from 4 to 8 minutes. Faster rewinding may damage the film; slower rewinding is a nuisance. Vibration on the reels and sidewise film-slapping on the rewinder make an even rewinding impossible. A few projectionists have devised flanged guiding rollers under which the film passes on its way from one reel to the other. Such rollers must be "faced" to contact only the perforation margins, never the soundtrack and picture areas. Rewinder elements are sometimes deliberately misaligned so that the film rubs against the reel flanges and is thus guided into an evenly-wound roll. This method, unfortunately, results in Are You Moving? Are you planning to change your address? If so, please notify our circulation department one month in advance. The Post Office does not forward magazines mailed to a wrong address. To avoid confusion and delay, please cooperate by sending us both your new and your old addresses. for VistcsVision For DRIVE-INS & THEATRES with HUGE, WIDE AREA SCREENS • CARBONS, Inc. BOONTON, N.J for CinemaScope 28 INTERNATIONAL PROJECTIONIST • JULY 1955