International projectionist (Jan 1959-Dec 1960)

0.5 x 100 = 50 foot-lamberts. (At this level of ambient light, the text of a newspaper may be read with some degree of eyestrain.) The maximum "dark-room" picturebrightness level of 20 foot-lamberts will tolerate ambient-light levels up to 0.2 foot-lambert, or enough to permit reading newspaper headlines with ease. It should be noted that "specular," directional screens such as the glassbeaded type tolerate higher levels of ambient light than do flat white matte screens. Very high levels of ambient light do not greatly interfere with picture visibility when translucent rearprojection screens are used. Rear-projection screens require a special technique and the absence of ambient light on the projector side of the screen. These special screens are particularly useful for the exhibition of slides in brightly lighted classrooms. Non-Theatrical Spending $255 Million in 1958 The production of non-theatrical films and the use of audio-visual equipment is fast becoming one big business. Despite the recession, dollar volume in the visual communication industry last year reached S255 million, according to an article in the June Journal of the Society of Motion Picture and Television Engineers (John Flory and Thomas W. Hope, Eastman Kodak Co.). Total dollar investment in films since the end of World War II is more than $2.5 million, the article states. The six major users of non-theatrical films and equipment and their expenditures last year are: (1) business and industry, $150 million; (2) government (federal, state, and local), $48 million; ( 3 j educational groups, $27 million; (4) religious groups, $15 million; (5) civic, social welfare, and recreational groups (fraternal, youth, service, public libraries, etc.) $8 million and (6) medical and health groups, $7 million. Components of Total Figures cited are based on motion picture and filmstrip production, release prints, distribution costs, equip BUSINESS and INDUSTRY 167,900/ EDUCATION \ 189,300 TOTAL596,500 •"religion \60VT.N 114,600 \69,I00 CIVIC, SOCIAL WELFARE AND RECREATIONAL ~~~-47,300 MEDICINE AND HEALTH 8,300 Distribution of 16-mm sound-film projectors in U.S.A. (1959 estimate). Movie Production Release Prints Print Distribution Equipment Other A-V Items ■■■^■■■■$49 MMHB$375 MBMB$29.5 I $43.8 $10 20 30 40 50 60 70 80 90 100 (in millions) Breakdown of total expenditures in the A-V field (estimated for 1958). ment purchases (primarily 16-mm sound projectors), and other audiovisual materials and equipment including filmstrip projectors, 2x2 slides and projectors, which are used professionally; overhead transparencies and projectors, and opaque projectors. In the over-all audio-visual field, motion picture and filmstrio production is the largest single expenditure, approximately 37 percent of the total. Film production, release prints, and print distribution account for 71 percent of the total. In all, 7,300 non-theatrical films were produced in 1958. However, this does not include low-cost silent and magnetic-tracked films produced for internal use by industry or some classified government films. Some 6,800 production units turned out the bulk of the nontheatrical films made in the United States last year. During 1958, 45,000 16-mm sound projectors were sold, an increase of 3Vi percent over the previous year. Projectors in use in the United States now number 596,500, with educational groups estimated to have 189,300. Nothing's Wrong — Or is It? What's wrong with the A-V field? NOTHING that a tiny bit of coordination wouldn't allay, if you "buy" (as you must) the appended commentary by a dealer in photo supplies who, apparently is sick-unto-death of the nonstandard shenanigans going on in this field. We quote, verbatim from Photo Weekly: "The lack of standards in this field is appalling. Take, for example, the hodgepodge of connecting cords which come with the various types of projectors on the market today, and the scores of different connections to be found on remote-control cables. We have power cords in stock today with ends of every conceivable size and shape. There are flat plugs, round plugs, three-pronged plugs, three-holed plugs, ad infinitum. The problem of cords doesn't begin to come up to the problem of slide magazines. Any dealer with any kind of a stock must now carry $100 worth of magazines just so he will make sure he has a half-dozen of the various types necessary to fit TDC, Airequipt, Kodak, Bausch & Lomb, Revere, Realist, etc! And if you think the dealer is confused, just imagine what it does to the consumer! Our particular gripe, however, is the location of dates on sensitized goods. Some manufacturers keep the expiration dates so well hidden that it takes considerable time just to keep the stock in order so that oldest merchandise will move first. Boxes of film, boxes of paper, roll film, movie film, and paper packages have expiration dates so well hidden that it is almost impossible to find the expiration date when the stock is properly placed on the shelf; the dates are always in different locations on the boxes! Consider cut film. On some boxes, the manufacturers put the date on the side; on others, on the back end away from the identification label; on some boxes, it is on the bottom; and every box has to be moved so that the date location can be discovered before new stocks can be put on the shelves. It's about time that we had some STANDARDS in this business. William C. McClanahan, Photo Supply Dealer, Lake Charles, Louisiana. Kodak 8-mm Film Booklets How to get more mileage — and smileage — from 8-mm movies are topics of two booklets available now for the non-professional movie-maker from Eastman Kodak. The publications, "Getting The Most Out Of Your 8mm Films" and "Care of Processed 8-mm Kodachrome Movies," provide an easy-to-understand primer on Kodachrome movie films, exposure guides, magazine and roll film loading, splicing, cleaning and lubricating, and storage. The current edition of "Getting The Most ..." is a revision of an earlier publication. It provides information on the structure of 8mm films, exposure aids, and data on obtaining Kodachrome Duplicates, a service unavailable when the first edition was published. Care of Processed Movies "Care of Processed . . . Movies," a six-page pamphlet, is a new publication. It opens with nine suggestions to prolong film life. They include cleaning parts of the projector which are in contact with the film, repairing the films themselves, careful splicing, long leaders and trailers, proper reel (Continued on page 18) 14 INTERNATIONAL PROJECTIONIST • SEPTEMBER 1959