International projectionist (Jan 1961-Dec 1962)

IP's Own List Color Designation By Wavelength Often Useful Which shade of blue is "true blue"? What colors, exactly, arc meant by "chartreuse," "aquamarine," "violet," "purple," or "orange"? Which are the most serviceable hues of red, green, and violet-blue for primary colors, and which shades of cyan, magenta, and lemon-yellow arc complementary to them? These arc but a few of the technical color questions best answered from an accurately specified catalogue of hues based upon equal sensation-difference steps through the spectrum and the nonspectral purples and magentas. The accompanying descriptive list supplied by Robert A. Mitchell, IP's technical editor, is herewith presented in response to requests for the wavelength designations of colors. The nonspectral colors have no wavelengths, of course, but are really additive combinations of violet light having .1 wavelength of about 400 nanometers (or millimicrons) and red light at about 700 nm. These colors are therefore designated by the wavelengths of their complementaries on the basis of diffused daylight (CIE llluminant "C") as the "white point." (Example: PURPLE, c564nm signifies that standard purple is the complementary of a yellow-green having the wavelength 564 nm.) The stated dominant hues of the spectrum colors, however, arc completely independent of the vagaries of the 1931 CIE 2"-field colorimctric data, although their complementaries h ivc been computed on the basis of these data and llluminant C. In fact, the 1959 provisional CIE 10°-ficld functions have proved to be so great a disaster to confidence in colorimetry, it is suggested that the dominant wavelengths of lives and other colorants In determined by the methods of spectrophotometry instead of with a trichromatic colorimeter. In order to facilitate the computation ill empirical trichromatic data in the field ol additive s color display lighting and natural-color picture reproduction, however, the hues RED, GREEN, and ULTRAMARINE (not blue!) have been standardized at 70(1, 525, and 4MI nm, respectively, and their exact complementaries (llluminant "C") at 4'): nm for CYAN, c525 nm for MAGENTA, and 570 nm for LEMI )N ( not yellow!). iP 12 Standard Hues for Defining ^^ PaintS/ and „|ominant8 c494 c493 c492 700 648 635 626 619 614 609 605 602 599 596 593 590 588 585 582 578 574 570 566 561 556 551 545 539 532 525 519 CARMINE RED SCARLET VERMILLION MANDARIN ORANGE PURREE SAFFRON GAMBOGE YELLOW LEMON CHARTREUSE CITRONELLE VERDANTE GREEN DESCRIPTION REDS Rose-red Deep red Bright red Orange-red ORANGES Reddish orange Bright orange Yellowish orange YELLOWS Orange-yellow Rich yellow Bright yellow Greenish yellow GREENS Yellowish green Yellow-green Grass-green Intense green 494 493 492 492 492 492 491 491 491 490 490 489 489 488 487 486 485 483 482 479 474 460 c566 c561 c566 c551 c545 c539 c532 c525 c519 Cyan Cyan Cyan CYAN Cyan Cyan Cyan Cyan Cyan Cyan Cyan Peacock Peacock Peacock Peacock Peacock Peacock Turquoise Turquoise Cerulea Blue ULTRAMARINE Violet Purple Amaranth Tyrian Tyrian Magenta Magenta MAGENTA Magenta Hollywood IATSE Men Become Press Agents Something new under the sun is happening in Hollywood. Thousands of union members, representing dozens of crafts, have turned themselves into voluntary press agents for a movie. They are out to help promote the big new Super Technirama 70 production, "Spartacus". The campaign is spearheaded by the Hollywood AFL-CIO Film Council, for a number of years, this group has been struggling to solve a serious unemployment problem created by runaway American movie productions — pictures produced abroad, for the American market, in order to escape American wage standards. Right up to now, that trend has been growing alarmingly. By contrast, however, Bryna Productions decided to make "Spartacus" in this country. They believed the time saved through utilizing the unmatched know-how of Hollywood s craftsmen would offset the more advantageous scales prevalent in European studios. The Hollywood craftsmen, most of whom belong to the IATSE, feel they have much at stake in the "Spartacus experiment. They believe the success of this film, released by Universal-International, might well prove the tinning point in their drive against runaway production. That is why they want to bring the picture and its fairminded producers and distributors to the attention of union members throughout America. In ii i<\ vtional Projectionist i i.l 514 509 505 501 498 495 492 489 487 485 483 481 478 474 470 465 460 456 451 EMERALD AQUAMARINE BERYL CYAN PEACOCK TURQUOISE CERULEA BLUE ULTRAMARINE BLUEVIOLET 442 400 c566 VIOLET c564 c561 PURPLE c558 AMARANTH c554 :549 c540 c525 c506 c500 c497 c495 TYRIAN MAGENTA FUCHSIA CERISE "Cold" green Bluish green CYANS Blue-green Green-blue Greenish blue BLUES Bright blue Sky-blue Deep blue Violet-blue Blue-violet PURPLES Intense violet Rich purple Reddish purple MAGENTAS Rose-purple Purplish rose Deep rose Reddish rose c514 c509 c505 c501 c498 c495 700 605 594 588 584 580 577 575 573 572 570 569 569 568 567 566 564 561 558 554 549 540 525 506 500 497 495 Magenta Magenta Fuchsia Fuchsia Fuchsia Cerise RED Orange Purree Saffron Gamboge Yellow Yellow Yellow Lemon Lemon LEMON Lemon Lemon Lemon Lemon Chartreuse Chartreuse Chartreuse Chartreuse Citronelle Citronelle Verdante GREEN Aquamarine Beryl Beryl Beryl Spyros Skouras Receives One of Kodak Awards NEW YORK Spyros P. Skouras, president of 20th Century-Fox, has been named one of the six recipients of the first annual Eastman Achievement Awards. The awards will be presented at the Eastman School of New York City which was founded in 1852 and is America's oldest school of business. The other four business men and women selected for the awards are: Mary G. Roebling, president and chairman of the board of the Trenton Trust C: David Sarnoff chairman zi the hoard of Radio Corporation of Ameri ca; Max Hess, president of the Hess Department Store, Allentown, Pa.; Lee H. Bristol, president and chairman of the board of Bristol-Myers, and George W. Romney, president and chairman of the board of American Motors Corp. iP KODAK AUSTRIA NEW YORK — The Kodak Austria Co. has been organized to handle Eastman's photographic business there. Since 1948 the Kodak distributor in Austria has been the lohann Kraus firm. Kraus has decided to retire and was honored at a dinner in Vienna recently. GPL Names W. H. Heath To Post A new division with responsibility for all major systems has been formed at GPL Division — General Precision, Inc. "The organization of this new division," said William I. Tull, the firm's vice prseident for sales and engineering, "underscores the increasing importance of major system work at GPL." William H. Heath, formerly director of GPL's Engineering Division, has been named director of the new systems division. Among his major tasks is the air traffic control modernization program for the Federal Aviation Agency and the application of the skills and facilities GPL has developed during the course of that program to future developments. il» New Tape Recorder From RCA A low-cost portable tape recorder, built to withstand prolonged use in schools, language laboratories, offices and elsewhere, has been introduced by the Radio Corporation of America. The new recorder weighs less than twenty-five pounds and is designed for sustained operation wherever highquality, semi-professional tape recordings are required, according to A. f. Piatt, manager, RCA audio products marketing. Designated the RCA MI-.i512l), the compact unit measures only 8'/2 by 14/4 by 16 inches and is attractively styled with a charcoal gray, wear-resistant, grained fabric covering. It is designed to sell for $179.50. The recorder provides a choice of three speeds — 7!^, 3%, and 1% inches per second — and operates from a 1 1 7-volt, 60-cyclc power source, and will accept the 7" reel. TV HELPS SAVE FILM NEW YORK— TV has joined the movement to transfer historical footage from nitrate to acetate stock. Warning that in 10-20 years most old film will have to be junked, Daniel W. lones, film-research head for NBC-TV's "Project 20," reports the series has salvaged much authenic news film. Public response, he adds, "has given many a conservator of old film a talking point when he is seeking funds to save it." 1 N M KNATIONAL PROJECTIONIST JANUARY 1961