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places, and lastly, within the period of time, they have to provide also about half a million censor's cards bearing the authorisation stamp of the office, a work which can only be accomplished by the continuous use of stamping machines worked by electric motors.
Apart from cinema censorship, the circulation of films in Germany is not subject to any limitations. There are however, still certain kinds of control which are exercised by State organs, but not from the police point of view from that of schools as well as fiscal reasons. This control refers to films adapted for teaching (Lehrfilms) which takes place independently from the general censorship, and consists exclusively in subjecting the film to examination in order to ascertain whether it can be utilized for teaching in the schools. The fitness for this purpose is decided by competent authorities on each particular subject.
These authorities are the cinematograph offices in Berlin and Munich. The Berlin cinematograph office is independent from the central Institute for education and teaching, while the Bavarian cinematograph office has a special character. Neither of these offices are authorities of the Reich. A large number of experts in all branches of science are co-opted to serve in these offices and to assist the President in the examinations.
It is provided, by means of Ministerial Ordinances of the various provinces, that in representations made in schools or in institutions which are connected with schools, only such films may be showrn as have passed examination in one of the said offices, and are found suitable for teaching purposes.
The Cinematograph office decides on the fitness of a film for school teaching, for evening entertainment for school pupils and their parents, and expresses at the same time its opinion as to which Institutes, types of schools, branches of teaching, age of pupils and kind of performances the films are more especially suited for. The certificate thus issued has an official value.
In addition to the declaration of fitness of the films for teaching purposes the cinematograph office is called also to give its judgment as to their educational and artistic value. This is done with the view of individualising those films which by the quality of
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